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• W4433648 abstract "AnsTRAcr.-Age-related changes in lipid, water, and non-lipid content and energy density of four major body parts (integument, viscera, leg and pectoral muscles, and carcass) of Cape Gannet chicks, juveniles, and adults were studied. The proportion ofwater was typically high for neonates and decreased during development to near adult levels at fledging. The percentage of lean dry matter remained almost constant for muscles and carcass but decreased in viscera and integument due to fat deposited during growth. Energy density was linearly related to age @J/g = 4.46 + 0.076 Age (days), y2 = 0.845, P < 0.001). Fasting capability (FC) of chicks (survival time when using only their lipid reserves, calculated from lipid mass and field metabolic rate) increased exponentially up to 70 days of age (FC = 0.6e0.05 Age, r* = 0.8 15, P < 0.00 1). Newly fledged birds have a fasting capability between 8-l 6 days and adults only l-2 days. Time between consecutive feeds, from field observations at the nest, for chicks 21-40, 41-60 and 61-80 days old were 11.9 ? 0.7 h, N = 74; 16 f 1.1 h, N = 50; and 20 + 0.6 h, N = 35, respectively. The results are contrary to the hypothesis that fat deposits are an insurance against an unpredictable fast, although they may serve for this purpose. Fat deposits may be the physiological consequence of the temporal pattern of feeding by adults, or they may serve as energy sinks to increase energy requirements relative to the nutrient and protein requirements of chicks. Received 16 May 1991, accepted 23 Mar. 1992. Seabirds share a number of characteristics that set them apart from most other birds such as low clutch size, deferred maturity and slow chick growth. It is thought that these characteristics are related to the unpredictable, patchy, and fluctuating nature of the food resources that seabirds exploit. Lack (1968) proposed that due to a limitation in the ability of adults to supply food, the pattern of development of the chicks is characterized by slow growth and the accumulation of large fat deposits. These fat deposits are interpreted as an insurance against the poor feeding conditions occasionally experienced by adults when foraging at sea (Lack 1968). Two predictions that can be drawn from Lack’s hypothesis are tested in this paper: (1) a close match between fasting capability (i.e., fat deposits) and maximum time between consecutive feeds should be expected, and (2) assuming that the lean dry mass is well regulated by controls on somatic growth, the fat deposits should exhibit some variability as a consequence of chicks consuming their fat deposits during fast periods, so it is reasonable to expect a higher variance in fat deposits than in lean dry mass. On the other hand, Ricklefs (1979) suggests that pro" @default.
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• W4433648 date "1992-01-01" @default.
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• W4433648 title "BODY COMPOSITION, FAT RESERVES, AND FASTING CAPABILITY OF CAPE GANNET CHICKS" @default.
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