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• W45045934 abstract "The overall aim of BIOCLIM is to assess thepossible long-term impacts due to climatechange on the safety of radioactive wasterepositories in deep formations. This aim is addressedthrough the following specific objectives:• Development of practical and innovative strategies forrepresenting sequential climatic changes to thegeosphere-biosphere system for existing sites overcentral Europe, addressing the timescale of onemillion years, which is relevant to the geologicaldisposal of radioactive waste.• Exploration and evaluation of the potential effects ofclimate change on the nature of the biospheresystems used to assess the environmental impact.• Dissemination of information on the newmethodologies and the results obtained from theproject among the international waste managementcommunity for use in performance assessments ofpotential or planned radioactive waste repositories.The BIOCLIM project is designed to advance thestate-of-the-art of biosphere modelling for use inPerformance Assessments. Therefore, two strategiesare developed for representing sequential climaticchanges to geosphere-biosphere systems. Thehierarchical strategy successively uses a hierarchy ofclimate models. These models vary from simple 2-Dmodels, which simulate interactions between a fewaspects of the Earth system at a rough surfaceresolution, through General Circulation Model (GCM)and vegetation model, which simulate in great detail thedynamics and physics of the atmosphere, ocean andbiosphere, to regional models, which focus on theEuropean regions and sites of interest. Moreover,rule-based and statistical downscaling procedures arealso considered. Comparisons are provided in terms ofclimate and vegetation cover at the selected times andfor the study regions. The integrated strategy consistsof using integrated climate models, representing allthe physical mechanisms important for long-termcontinuous climate variations, to simulate the climateevolution over many millennia. These results are theninterpreted in terms of regional climatic changes usingrule-based and statistical downscaling approaches.This deliverable, D6a, focuses on the hierarchicalstrategy, and in particular the MAR simulations.According to the hierarchical strategy developed inthe BIOCLIM project to predict future climate, sixBIOCLIM experiments were run with the MAR model. Inaddition to these experiments a baseline experiment,presenting the present-day climate simulated by MAR,was also undertaken. In the first step of the hierarchicalstrategy the LLN 2-D NH climate model simulatedthe gross features of the climate of the next 1 Myr[Ref.1]. Six snapshot experiments were selected fromthese results. In a second step a GCM and a biospheremodel were used to simulate in more detail the climateof the selected time periods. These simulations wereperformed on a global scale [Ref.1]. The third step ofthe procedure is to derive the regional features of theclimate at the same time periods. Therefore the resultsof the GCM are used as boundary conditions to forcethe regional climate model (MAR) for the six selectedperiods and the baseline simulation. The controlsimulation (baseline) corresponds to the regionalclimate simulated under present-day conditions, bothinsolation forcing and atmospheric CO2 concentration.All the BIOCLIM simulations are compared to thatbaseline simulation. In addition, other comparisons willalso be presented. Tableau 1 summarises thecharacteristics of these BIOCLIM experiments alreadypresented in [Ref.1] and [Ref.2]." @default.
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• W45045934 title "Deliverable D6a: Regional climatic characteristics for the European sites at specific times: the dynamical downscaling. Work Package 2, Simulation of the future evolution of the biosphere system using the hierarchical strategy. Modelling Sequential Biosphere Systems under Climate Change for Radioactive Waste Disposal (BIOCLIM)" @default.
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