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• W4544032 abstract "Prevention of dental disease and conservation of tooth structure are integral principles of modern dental practice. With greater retention of teeth, the incidence of root surface erosion and root surface caries is on the rise, and is commonly seen in everyday clinical practice. There has been extensive research on the individual effectiveness of photo-activated disinfection (PAD), laser activated fluoride (LAF) therapy, and treatments with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). Despite the positive results from in vitro investigations, in vivo studies are required to demonstrate the true degree and extent of clinical effectiveness. It is only in such a setting that the therapy is placed in context of all of the biological, social and behavioural processes which may affect its outcome. Furthermore, no in vivo study has investigated the potential of combined use of these therapies in reducing root surface erosion-induced hypersensitivity or stabilising incipient root surface caries. This is of great clinical importance and relevance, if progress and advancement are to be achieved in clinical practice. For these reasons, this research study includes a randomised controlled clinical pilot study that investigates the therapeutic effect of combined CPP-ACP, LAF and PAD therapies in alleviating root surface erosion-induced hypersensitivity and stabilising root surface caries. The findings of the in vivo study clearly illustrate the great success and effectiveness of these combined therapies in alleviating hypersensitivity and stabilising root surface caries. This is further substantiated with SEM images clearly showing occlusion of the dentine tubules. The second part of the thesis investigates the potential of Laser Activated Fluoride (LAF) therapy as a protective therapy. Much of the previous literature on LAF therapy has explored its preventive effect on enamel against cariogenic acids, however with an increase in the incidence of erosive lesions, the potential of LAF therapy for use against a strong erosive challenge is a critical point. Consequently, this study includes an in vitro investigation of the protective potential of LAF therapy against a strong erosive challenge (hydrochloric acid). The results show that LAF therapy can be successfully utilised to provide protection to tooth structure against a strong erosive challenge. Moreover, while LAF therapy has been successful when undertaken with the Argon Ion laser wavelengths of laser light, the dependency of its success on a specific wavelength of laser light has not hitherto been investigated. It is essential to determine the influence of the wavelength parameter on the effectiveness of this therapy, and in particular the possible utility of this therapy when used with a broader (visible and near infrared) spectrum of light. Furthermore, this exploration should also extend to the application of a non-coherent source of light, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs). For these reasons, this research work includes in vitro studies investigating the importance of the wavelength and coherency parameters on the effectiveness, and success, of LAF therapy. These studies clearly show that LAF therapy can be successfully carried out with a wide spectrum of wavelength of laser light, with the coherency parameter crucial to its effectiveness. Finally, the exact mechanism by which the LAF protective effect is attained in dentine needs to be elucidated. An XPS analysis of dentine treated with LAF, under in vitro conditions, is also presented in the thesis. The results of this study clearly show phase transformation of hydroxyapatite to fluorapatite following treatment of dentine with LAF therapy. The first two chapters of the thesis presents an overview of the existing literature on root surface erosion, root surface caries, LAF, PAD and CPP-ACP therapies. Chapter 3 identifies the aims, objective and hypothesis, while Chapters 4 through to 9 present the findings of the in vivo and in vitro studies. Each chapter provides a discussion on the presented findings, while concluding remarks are provided in the final chapter, Chapter 10." @default.
• W4544032 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W4544032 creator A5012795776 @default.
• W4544032 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W4544032 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W4544032 title "In vivo and in vitro investigations of laser and nonlaser therapies in treatment of root surface erosion and root surface caries" @default.
• W4544032 hasPublicationYear "2007" @default.
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