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- W4577078 abstract "The purpose of this paper is to discuss some relationships between innovation, industrial structure and economic growth. The basic argument of the paper is that what we might call 'high-technology' models of growth misrepresent the nature of the growth process in advanced economies, especially in smaller economies. It is often argued, in the Kuznets-Schumpeter tradition, that economic growth depends on the creation of new industries, involving major new technologies, and that the latter are in some sense clustered together. At the present time these are often held to be a group of allegedly 'knowledge intensive' high-technology industries, such as ITC, biotechnology and so on. However from a conceptual point of view, in a multi-sectoral economy, the growth rate is a weighted average of the growth of the sectors which comprise the economy (where the weights are shares in output). An empirical examination of the sectoral structure of growth for Europe suggests that growth has a widely-distributed sectoral basis, and that many of the significant sectors are in what are often referred to as 'low-tech' industries. These sectors are typically also large, and thus contribute strongly to overall growth. How does this square with the idea that growth depends on innovation? The paper uses Community Innovation Survey data to show that innovation also is a sectorally-distributed process. How, then, does this pervasive innovation in 'low tech' sectors relate to the creation and use of knowledge? Here the paper uses material from empirical studies of industry-level knowledge bases in the Norwegian economy to suggest that the knowledge bases of apparently low and medium technology industries such as food processing, chemicals, oil and gas, publishing and so on, are in fact deep, complex, science-based and above all systemic (in the sense of involving complex and sustained institutional interactions). The policy point of this is that policy-makers ought to be aware of the industrial structures and the associated technological knowledge bases on which growth actually rests, and that this requires a deeper understanding ot the specificity of innovation systems. 1 A previous version of this paper was presented to the conference on Innovation systems: Growth Engines for the 21 Century., Sydney, November 19-2" @default.
- W4577078 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W4577078 date "1999-01-01" @default.
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- W4577078 title "Industrial structure, technology intensity and growth: issues for policy" @default.
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