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- W47818085 abstract "The physical ingredients of an astrophysical gravitational lens system are explicitly designated and described in Section 3.1: spacetime geometry (Section 3.1.1 and 3.1.3), cosmic distances (Section 3.1.2), matter deflectors (Section 3.1.4), light rays (Section 3.1.5), and light sources (Section 3.1.6). All relevant assumptions and approximations are spelled out. The lensing ingredients and approximations also provide a physical setting within which time delay and lensing maps can be explicitly defined. These mappings are at the heart of the theory of optics for gravitational lenses (Section 3.2). Section 3.2.1 introduces the concept of time delay using Fermat’s principle, while Section 3.2.2 derives an explicit expression for time delay. Section 3.2.3 presents the lens equation, which relates a light source’s position to the impact positions of its light rays passing through the lens plane. In Section 3.2.4, the physical variables of gravitational lensing are converted into dimensionless form. These dimensionless variables are then used throughout the rest of the book. Section 3.2.5 introduces the magnification of light sources and discusses magnification as it relates to flux conservation. Section 3.2.6 treats the locus of all formally infinitely magnified images (critical curves) and corresponding positions (caustics) from which a source has at least one such image. Light curves (i.e., the plot of a moving light source’s magnification versus time) due to single and binary point-mass lenses are also discussed in Section 3.2.6. Section 3.2.7 treats the distortion of an extended source by lensing, including how convergence and shear are involved. The chapter ends with a discussion of two important families of lens models (Section 3.3) and observable lensing properties (Section 3.4). In the latter, we not only list the observables, but also discuss a family of transformations — “degeneracies” — of the lens system that leave the observables unchanged. The chapter closes with a discussion of weak lensing (no multiple images, but distortions of background galaxies) by the large scale structure of the universe (Section 3.5)." @default.
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- W47818085 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W47818085 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W47818085 title "Basic Physical Concepts" @default.
- W47818085 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0145-8_3" @default.
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