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- W48073872 abstract "Field studies are an excellent way for students to learn ecological concepts and practice doing science. This article presents an approach for the secondary science classroom that permits students to ask and answer their own questions, a prerequisite for truly experiencing the process of science. Students explore a local natural area and, in groups, decide what ecological topics to investigate. Because students are guided by their own interests, these semi-independent research projects foster a high degree of student ownership and naturally cultivate enthusiasm for science. In addition, these extended investigations, which can last for several weeks, help students realize the intimate relationship between physical and biological components in nature at a deeper level than lectures or readings allow. Doing science At the most basic level, science is about asking and attempting to answer questions. The wonderful thing about field studies is that students learn content and process simultaneously, emulating the practice of actual scientists--a goal of the National Science Education Standards (NRC 1996). When students ask their own questions, ecological investigations can be the ultimate inquiry-based activity with students experiencing the contagious excitement of doing science firsthand. To better reflect thinking, you can transform students' memorization of the steps of the traditional scientific into a deeper understanding of basic inquiry, emphasizing explanation based on evidence (Figure 1; many students will be familiar with these steps, yet scientists do not use this method directly or in this order, but do, in fact, generally engage in these activities). Science is more than a prescribed sequence of steps; it is a way of knowing about the world, one that can be shared and critically evaluated. Field studies facilitate this conceptual transformation for students by providing an opportunity for them to design a method to answer their questions, modify the questions or procedure as unforeseen difficulties arise, and ultimately present their findings based on the interpretation of data. By doing so, students likely construct a more meaningful understanding of the nature and methods of science than when the teacher provides the guiding questions and research methods. Getting started To begin, introduce students to the study area, which could be a portion of the schoolyard that is in a somewhat natural state, and tell them they are going to think scientifically by making observations and asking questions about the organisms they encounter and the environment in which these organisms live. Inform students that eventually they will attempt to answer some of these questions through the collection and analysis of data, but first they must begin with focused observation. [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] Remind students to take their time as they explore the site in groups of three or four, using all of their senses (except taste) to absorb the sights, sounds, smells, and feel of their surroundings. (Safety note: As a precaution, survey the site first for any potentially harmful animals or plants [poison ivy], and remind students to wash their hands.) Ask students to stop occasionally as they walk, to bend down to more closely observe organisms on the ground, or look up to see what is above them. Students should turn over rocks, logs, and other forms of shelter to look for smaller species, being sure to put everything back the way it was. Throughout their exploration, students should record all observations in a notebook or journal. Inspire students to make careful observations by reading select passages from A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold (1949), or some other natural history classic, prior to their field experience. When practicing the focused observation described, it is only natural for student questions to surface: specific observations lead to questions, which are the gateway into inquiry. …" @default.
- W48073872 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W48073872 date "2008-02-01" @default.
- W48073872 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W48073872 title "Ecological Field Studies." @default.
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