FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W4828609> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W4828609 abstract "This brief essay, written for the Criminal Law Conversations project, argues that the doctrines of provocation and self-defense should recognize a distinction between act reasonableness and emotion (or belief) reasonableness. The essay proceeds in three parts. In Part I, I examine the doctrine of provocation. I start by explaining what I mean by “act reasonableness” (a finding that a reasonable person in the defendant’s shoes would have responded or acted as the defendant did) and “emotion reasonableness” (a finding that the defendant’s emotional outrage or passion was reasonable). I note that only two of the fifty states require act reasonableness while the majority of states require only emotion reasonableness. I explore possible reasons for the reluctance to require act reasonableness. I then offer a different way to understand act reasonableness. Under my suggested reform, the reasonableness of the provoked defendant’s action would depend on the type of force and degree of force he used in relation to the triggering provocation. In other words, act reasonableness would entail a kind of proportionality review. Proportionality, however, would not mean that the provoked defendant would have to respond with force equal to the force used by the provoker. The defendant’s act would just need to be seen by the jury as commensurate with the wrong inflicted by the provoking party. In Part II, I examine the doctrine of self-defense. A similar distinction between emotion reasonableness and act reasonableness exists in the self-defense arena. Even though act reasonableness is implied in self-defense doctrine’s proportionality requirement, jury instructions on self-defense tend to focus only on emotion (or belief) reasonableness. Jurors are instructed to find that the defendant reasonably believed (or reasonably feared) deadly force was necessary to counter an imminent threat of death or grievous bodily injury. Jurors are not instructed to separately find that the defendant’s act of shooting or stabbing or beating the victim was reasonable. I argue that self-defense doctrine should make explicit that which is implicit. Jurors should be instructed to find not only that the defendant reasonably believed deadly force was necessary to counter an imminent threat of death or grievous bodily injury, but also that the defendant’s acts were reasonably proportionate to the threatened harm. In Part III, I conclude that my proposal for reform of the doctrine of self-defense is not a radical reform. My proposal with regard to self-defense merely makes explicit that which is implicit. In contrast, my proposal for reform of provocation doctrine constitutes a substantial departure from current practice in most jurisdictions. I argue that this departure is worthwhile because the provoked killer has taken a human life and therefore deserves heightened scrutiny of the reasonableness of his actions." @default.
• W4828609 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W4828609 creator A5016750719 @default.
• W4828609 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W4828609 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W4828609 title "Reasonable Provocation and Self-Defense: Recognizing the Distinction Between Act Reasonableness and Emotion Reasonableness" @default.
• W4828609 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
• W4828609 type Work @default.
• W4828609 sameAs 4828609 @default.
• W4828609 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W4828609 crossrefType "posted-content" @default.
• W4828609 hasAuthorship W4828609A5016750719 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C110586980 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C142724271 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C183763965 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C190253527 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C202565627 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C204787440 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C2776119841 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C2776211767 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C2776876785 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C2780498822 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W4828609 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C110586980 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C142724271 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C144024400 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C15744967 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C17744445 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C183763965 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C190253527 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C199539241 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C202565627 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C204787440 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C2776119841 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C2776211767 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C2776876785 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C2780498822 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C71924100 @default.
• W4828609 hasConceptScore W4828609C94625758 @default.
• W4828609 hasLocation W48286091 @default.
• W4828609 hasOpenAccess W4828609 @default.
• W4828609 hasPrimaryLocation W48286091 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W1507464272 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W1518453449 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W1534144595 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W1706146702 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W1976770885 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2047889357 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2080764832 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2211492515 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2277766455 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2564609660 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2766610850 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2793235654 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W3006261059 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W3122901937 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W3125037353 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W326420499 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W336044785 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W596028861 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W865730343 @default.
• W4828609 hasRelatedWork W2739003244 @default.
• W4828609 isParatext "false" @default.
• W4828609 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W4828609 magId "4828609" @default.
• W4828609 workType "article" @default.