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- W48684466 abstract "The principle of natural selection is taken as a starting point for an analysis of evolutionary levels. Knowledge and values are conceived as vicarious selectors of actions from a repertoire. The concept of metasystem transition is derived from the law of requisite variety and the principle of hierarchy. It is defined as the increase of variety at the object level, accompanied by the emergence of a situation-dependent control at a metalevel. It produces a new level of evolution, with a much higher capacity for adaptation. The most important levels are discussed, with an emphasis on the level characterizing man as distinct from the animals. An analysis of the shortcomings of this rational system of cognition leads to a first sketch of how the next higher meta-rational level would look like. tautological principle that stable (intrinsically and with respect to the environment) systems tend to maintain, and hence will be naturally selected (Heylighen, 1989b), whereas unstable systems will be eliminated. Each system is undergoing changes, either generated by internal processes, or by changes in the environment. Evolutionary selective systems will be those systems that survive the changes, i.e. that maintain a continuous identity, even though their state may have changed. We will suppose that the system is internally stable, i.e. that it is not destroyed by its own internal processes. In that case, the system will have to cope with external changes, which might perturb its internal organization, by adequate reactions. Such reactions are said to compensate the perturbations induced by the environmental changes, bringing the system back to its stable mode of operating (Heylighen, 1990c; Maturana & Varela, 1980)." @default.
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- W48684466 date "1999-01-01" @default.
- W48684466 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W48684466 title "COGNITIVE LEVELS OF EVOLUTION: from pre-rational to meta-rational" @default.
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