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- W48939612 abstract "The chapter discusses the processes of osmoregulation, acid–base regulation, and nitrogen excretion in intertidal fishes. The fishes inhabiting this zone must maintain consistent internal osmolarity, specific ion levels and pH, and eliminate excess nitrogen via mechanisms somewhat different from those utilized by fishes whose skin and gills are bathed in a relatively homogeneous aqueous medium. Osmoregulation is the maintenance of consistent blood and intracellular volume in the face of changing environmental osmolarity. As osmoregulation always involves the transport of ions across epithelial membranes, ion regulation is intimately associated with osmoregulation. Control of internal pH is also of critical importance to biochemical pathways and cellular function in fishes and other vertebrates. Fluctuations in pH are initially reduced by internal buffers (bicarbonate, phosphates, and hemoglobin), and then excess acid or base is thought to be regulated by transfers of H- and/or HCO, between the fish and the water. In addition to salt, water, and pH regulation during emersion, intertidal teleost fishes must maintain consistent processing of waste nitrogen. During immersion, they may use the amplified surface area of the gills to eliminate most of the excess nitrogen." @default.
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- W48939612 date "1999-01-01" @default.
- W48939612 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
- W48939612 title "Osmoregulation, Acid—Base Regulation, and Nitrogen Excretion" @default.
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- W48939612 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012356040-7/50006-8" @default.
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