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- W49203101 endingPage "861" @default.
- W49203101 startingPage "725" @default.
- W49203101 abstract "Publisher Summary Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is a linear effect that can be compensated in principle. In an ideal circularly symmetric fiber, the two orthogonally polarized modes have the same group delay. However, in reality, fibers exhibit a certain amount of birefringence because of imperfections in the manufacturing process or mechanical stress on the fiber after manufacture. It is noted that fluctuations in the polarization mode and fiber birefringence produced by the environment lead to dispersion that varies statistically with time and frequency. PMD causes different delays for different polarizations and when the difference in the delays approaches a significant fraction of the bit period, it leads to pulse distortion and system penalties. Environmental changes— including temperature and stress—cause the fiber PMD to vary stochastically in time. PMD, illustrating the basic concepts, the measurement techniques, the PMD measurement, the PMD statistics for first- and higher orders, the PMD simulation and emulation, the system impairments, and the mitigation methods has been summarized in the chapter. Both the optical and the electrical PMD compensations are considered." @default.
- W49203101 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W49203101 creator A5002435362 @default.
- W49203101 creator A5038842448 @default.
- W49203101 creator A5040937327 @default.
- W49203101 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W49203101 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W49203101 title "Polarization-Mode Dispersion" @default.
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