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• W52742410 abstract "The effect of irradiation by X-rays, without the exclusion of oxygen, on the molecular structureof calf thymus DNA has been studied. The reduced viscosity (η_(sp)/c) was decreased and themolar extinction coefficient (e_(260mμ)) increased with increasing X-ray dosage at a definite doserate. Besides these apparent effects, there were, as deduced from studies on heat-lability, alsohidden damages in the DNA macromolecule, even with dosage as low as 1×10~4r. Whileη_(sp)/cand e26anu of the unirradiated DNA remained unchanged after incubahon in 0.2M NaCl at76'C for 60 min., the irradiated DNA uPOn incubation shovvcd further decreases in V,./c and in-crea5es in e_(260mμ). This decreased stability of the irradiated DNA towards heating revealed that,in addition to the disruption of some of the hydrogen-bonds in DNA immediately upon irradia-tion, a labilization of other hydrogen-bonds has also occurred. A protective agent, probably Ca-citrate, was found to be present in the stock solution of DNA.In the presence of this protective agent, the η_(sp)/c of DNA remained constant after 6×10~4rand decreased slightly after 12×10~4 r irradiation, with no significant changes in e_(260nμ). However,the hidden damage was not prevented and it developed to greater extents with increasing dosages. Samples which suffered only hidden damages provided comparatively simple systems for theinvestigation of the nature of primary events occurring upon irradiation and their bearing on theapparent degradation of the DNA molecule. In the presence of the protective agent, the dose-effect curves based on η_(sp)/c measurements showed that, preceding the appearance of degradation,there was an apparently stable phase during which the hidden damage was actually developing, asevidenced by the increased heat-lability. This suggested that the hidden damage may involve the disruption of one of the chains ofthe double-helical structure of DNA, causing the breakagc of the hydrogen-bonds near the pointsof main-chain damage, rendering the other hydrogen-bonds unstable toward 76℃ incubation, andeventually resulting in the degradation of the macromolecule as an accumulative effect. Provided that there is no essential difference between the direct and the indirect action of X-rays on DNA, the mechanism suggested above could also account for the process of degradationproduced in the absence of the protective agent, which probably acts only in the neutralization offree-radicals produced from water by irradiation. The mechanism of the action of Ca-citrate as a protective agent for DNA and the significanceof the hidden damage of the DNA macromolecule in the primary and cumulative hiological effectof radiation were also discussed." @default.
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• W52742410 date "1961-01-01" @default.
• W52742410 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W52742410 title "HIDDEN DAMAGE IN CALF THYMUS DNA PRODUCED BY X-RAY IRRADIATION" @default.
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