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- W52791337 abstract "Introduction [1] AN EFFORT TO BRING INTO A SINGLE FIELD OF VISION TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION, crime, and popular justice may appear strange. I hope to show, however, that these categorically different activities can, in fact, be related to one another as distinct responses to economic and political fields of reconfigured through Mexico's deepening incorporation into international capitalism. None involves organized resistance or presents viable alternative around which progressive political movements might coalesce. Yet these responses problematize rule -- even as they (temporarily) prop it up -- because they appear in many circumstances to be products of subject identities that reject state's claims to rest its authority on purported social contract. Delinquency involves rejection of law, lynching reflects breakdown in institutionalized justice system, and transnational migration challenges state's sovereign control of territory, especially when economic and political decisions affecting relations in rural Mexican communities made by transmigrants in New York City or California (see Smith, 1999). Social Fields of Power Pierre Bourdieu's idea of social fields provides useful point of departure. For Bourdieu, social fields relatively bounded social domains, composed of endowed with differing amounts of (economic, cultural, and symbolic). The positions' occupants struggle to augment their capital or to change field's rules or boundaries in their favor (Bourdieu, 1990). According to Bourdieu, strategies that actors employ produced by generative schemes or which he calls habitus, representing mental form of structured fields in which actors themselves were shaped. He notes that habitus is a model for production of practices and system of models for perception and appreciation of practices. And in both cases its operations express social position in which it was constructed (Ibid.: 131). By definition, social fields complex and positions multiple, meaning that habitus of social actors occupying those positions vary, even if overall domination of one group gives it more latitude in structuring field to its advantage and thus shaping durable dispositions of field's other occupants. In somewhat different context, William Roseberry (1994: 360-361) referenced this when he defined hegemony as manner in which the words, images, symbols, forms, organizations, institutions, and movements used by subordinate populations to talk about, understand, confront, accommodate themselves to, or resist their domination shaped by process of domination itself. Roseberry opined that, What hegemony constructs...is not shared ideology but common meaningful and material framework for living through, talking about, and acting upon social orders characterized by domination. In his empirical work Bourdieu explores in great detail positions, dispositions, and rules affecting struggles in specific French intellectual, religious, and educational social fields. As Bourdieu is well aware, though, social fields not isolated but intertwined in local, regional, national, and international complexes. Neither they of equal salience in shaping contours of society or globe. To take one example, Bourdieu maintains that writers and artists who dominant in field of cultural production are dominated in their relations with those who hold political and economic power (1990: 145). To analyze fields dynamically and in interaction with one another, we can incorporate Bourdieu's perspective within global vision of Eric Wolf (1982) and Sidney Mintz (1985). Wolf and Mintz treat social fields as multiple, overlapping, mutually affecting, and, at particular historical moments, hierarchically ordered. Their perspective is particularly important now that most local and national economies and cultures have become more open and vulnerable to outside influences because of quick, massive movements of commodities, capital, and, to lesser degree, people (Harvey, 1989). …" @default.
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- W52791337 date "1999-09-22" @default.
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- W52791337 title "A Failure of Normalization: Transnational Migration, Crime, and Popular Justice in the Contemporary Neoliberal Mexican Social Formation" @default.
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