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- W55348034 abstract "Tasmanian native blue gum Eucalyptus globulus subsp. globulus and its closelyrelated southeastern Australian mainland congener E. nitens are the majortrees grown in eucalypt plantations in temperate regions of the world.Plantation stock are mostly grown from seeds, that are increasingly beingcollected from seed orchards of trees selected for characters desired by theforest industry. Seed production and fitness of the resultant trees aredependent largely upon pollen transfer between flowers on different trees,because of the partial self-incompatibility in these two species. Theunsuitability of the pollen to transfer by wind necessitates the harnessing ofanimals to transfer pollen as they forage at flowers. This research aimed todetermine which animals were effective pollinators of these tree species inTasmania.These two species have contrasting floral forms, associated with enormousdifferences in nectar production, that resulted in their flowers being used bydifferent animals as food sources. The small flowers of E. nitens producedonly 0.3 - 0.6 mg of nectar sugar per day and, accordingly, were visitedexclusively by small, mostly native, insects. Introduced honey bees (Apismellifera) and bumble bees (Bombus terrestris), being larger, more energydemanding insects, were rarely seen visiting flowers of E. nitens, and birdswere never seen attempting to feed from these flowers. In contrast, the largeflowers of E. globulus produced 37- 56 mg of nectar sugar per day, renderingthem attractive to energy demanding birds and exotic bees, as well as the lessenergy demanding smaller insects.Single visits to flowers of E. globulus by swift parrots (Latham us discolor)resulted in statistically significant increases in seed production above thelevels occurring in unvisited flowers. Although other bird species were notsufficiently assessed by this method to determine whether they are alsoeffective pollinators, analyses of their foraging behaviour and pollen loadssuggest they are. In contrast, experiments indicated that insects were poorpollinators of E. globulus. Single visits to flowers by insects, including honey bees and bumble bees, did not result in statistically significant increases inseed production above the levels occurring in unvisited flowers. Evenprolonged exposure to insects throughout the life of a flower failed to resultin the production of as many seeds as that following a single swift parrotvisit, despite insects often consuming all of the daily nectar production.Hence, seed production and the fitness of plantation trees should beenhanced by management practices that benefit populations of native flowervisitinginsects in seed orchards of E. nitens and birds in orchards of E.globulus." @default.
- W55348034 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W55348034 creator A5012924688 @default.
- W55348034 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W55348034 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W55348034 title "Pollination ecology of Eucalyptus globulussubsp. globulus and Eucalyptus nitens(Myrtaceae)" @default.
- W55348034 hasPublicationYear "2002" @default.
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