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• W56011504 abstract "Abstract Mammals present different types of spleen. In the past, attempts have been made to define characteristics for a classification of this organ, but the evolutionary process that has led to the splenic types of modern mammals has been poorly investigated. This review categorizes all mammalian spleens studied so far, synthesizing several earlier classification principles and updating them in the light of recent research. The main qualitative features are the type of circulation (closed, open or both) and the nature of the venous vessels in the splenic cords (venules or sinuses). The main quantitative feature is the proportion between red and white pulp. Moreover, a phylogeny of this organ is proposed: from a ‘primitive type’ with closed circulation (characteristic of monotremes, insectivores and tree shrews), the spleen has evolved into an ‘archetypal type’ with open circulation(peculiar to mice, gerbils, bats and marsupials). It has subsequently diversified into different models: blood-storing spleens (ungulates and carnivores) and defensive spleens (Old World monkeys and the majority of rodents). Riassunto Evoluzione delle milze sinusale e non-sinusale dei mammiferi I mammiferi presentano diversi tipi di milza. Nel passato, sono stati fatti dei tentativi per definire le caratteristiche utili alla classificazione di quest’organo, ma il processo evolutivo che ha portato ai tipi di milza dei mammiferi moderni e stato poco studiato. Questa review classifica tutte le milze dei mammiferi studiate finora, facendo una sintesi dei criteri di classificazione precedenti ed aggiornandoli alla luce delle piu recenti ricerche. I principali caratteri qualitativi sono il tipo di circolazione (chiusa, aperta o entrambe) e la natura dei vasi venosi nei cordoni splenici (venule o seni). Il principale carattere quantitativo e la proporzione tra la polpa rossa e quella bianca. Inoltre, viene proposta una filogenesi di quest’organo: da un tipo ‘primitivo’ con circolazione chiusa (caratteristico di monotremi, insettivori e scandenti), la milza si e evoluta in un modello ‘archetipico’ con circolazione aperta (proprio di topi, gerbilli, chirotteri e marsupiali), diversificandosi, successivamente, in diversi modelli, vale a dire milze accumulatrici di sangue (ungulati e carnivori) e milze difensive (scimmie del vecchio mondo e la maggior parte dei roditori)" @default.
• W56011504 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W56011504 creator A5012473152 @default.
• W56011504 date "2007-07-03" @default.
• W56011504 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W56011504 title "Evolution of sinusal and non-sinusal spleens of Mammals" @default.
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• W56011504 doi "https://doi.org/10.4404/hystrix-17.2-4368" @default.
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