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• W564770043 abstract "Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) base metal mineralisation has been recognised at severallocalities in the Paleoproterozoic. Earaheedy Basin, Western Australia, where it isassociated with areas of silicification. The Earaheedy Group (ca. 1800-1900 Ma) lieswithin the Capricorn Orogen, between the Yilgarn and Pilbara cratons, and comprisestwo subgroups, the Tooloo and the Miningarra. At the base of the Tooloo Subgroup, theYelma formation unconformably overlies Archean basement and comprises a ~300m thickpackage dominated by two units of shallow marine shelf carbonates, the Iroquois andNavajoh dolomites. Both dolomite units are intensely silicified. Base metalmineralisation is primarily contained within the Navajoh dolomite is strongly associatedwith silicification. 1 Okm to the southeast of the study area, a major comet impact structure(the Teague Ring) formed at -1630 Ma.Numerous small occurrences of galena and sphalerite have been noted along strike, withfive prospects over a strike length of ~50km investigated in detail during the currentstudy. Mineralisation in the Navajoh dolorrlite occurs within styolites, bedding paralleland discordant veins, as a matrix within intraformational breccias, and in vugs andmicrobialite cores. Typical grades for base metal mineralisation are 20m @ 0.88% Znand 0.1% Pb, including 2m zones of up to 1.6% Zn.Three paragenetic stages have been identified. Stage I encompasses diagenesis of thehost dolomites, and comprises three dolomite generations and the formation of diageneticpyrite (Py1). Py1 has ()34s values between 5.7 and 26.5%o, consistent with theoccurrence of a sulphate-minimum zone within the Proterozoic oceans. Stage I bariterecords a seawater ()34s sulphate value of 15.4%o.Stage II was the main stage of ore deposition. Microcrystalline quartz, chalcedony,spherulitic chalcedony and quartz are intimately associated with sulphide mineralisation(mainly pyrite, sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite with minor bornite and tetrahedrite) instage II bedding sub-parallel veins within the Navajoh dolomite. Stage II fluids had moderate homogenisation temperatures (97 to l89T), high salinities (21.8 to 23.9 eq. wt% NaCI), and ol80(fluid) values between 0.9 and 2.2%o, consistent with derivation froma connate brine. Wide variations in o34s values from stage II sulphides ( -6.1 to 30.5%o)reflect a complex sulphur source consistent with a connate brine leaching a variedsedimentary package. Zinc ratio calculations suggest that minor variations in regionalfluid chemistries and depositional processes resulted in varying levels of Pb and Znsaturation across the study area. Terrane-specific lead modelling techniques haveconstrained the age of stage II mineralisation to ~ 1780 to 1740 Ma. Preferentialreplacement of dolomite by silica along permeable layers caused an increase in fluid pHand resulted in sulphide precipitation with quartz in the center of the veins. Strongsimilarities in paragenetic sequences at each prospect through the study area indicate thatstage II fluids were of regional scope, rather than discrete hydrothermal systems.Regional fluid flow is interpreted to have been driven by southwards-directedcompression within the Capricorn Orogen on the north side of the basin.Stage III consists of bedding-discordant quartz/carbonate veins with minor base metalmineralisation (pyrite, sphalerite, galena). Stage III fluids produced a second stage ofsilicification, and had higher homogenisation temperatures (108 to 246.C), but lowersalinities (3.3 to 16.5 eq.wt% NaCl) than stage II. Calculated stage III o180(fluid)values obtained from quartz ranged from -9.9 to+ 13.3%o and were probably due to fluidmixing, o 18o buffering, and temperature variations. Most of the calculated stage IIIo 180(fluid) values were between -1.3 and 5 .5%o, consistent with a connate brine sourcesimilar to stage II fluids. Carbon-oxygen isotopic analyses of dolomite (ol3c(fluid)-4.9%o, o180(fluid) +2.0%o) concur with a connate brine source, and show that extensivefluid-rock interaction of stage III fluids and host dolomite occurred. Regional decreasingtemperature gradients from the southeast to the northwest, and isotopic anomalies suggestthat stage III mineralisation developed from connate brines that were redirected by cometimpact at the Teague Ring. These fluids had the potential to remobilise stage IImineralisation." @default.
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• W564770043 date "1996-11-01" @default.
• W564770043 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W564770043 title "Silicification and base metalmineralisation within the Earaheedybasin, Western Australia" @default.
• W564770043 hasPublicationYear "1996" @default.
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