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- W565753443 abstract "Vegetative ground cover under snowdrifts formed behind snowfences used along Interstate 80 to control blowing and drifting snow has not changed appreciably over a five- year period. Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) has decreased significantly under snowdrifts where deep drifts occurred every year and is being replaced by grasses and forbs. Mule deer (Odocoileus heminous) use machinery and box-type underpasses to cross under Interstate 80 when big game fencing 8 feet (2.44 m) high is constructed in place of the regular right-of-way fence. Deer-vehicle accidents were reduced over 90 percent, which is a large savings of deer life and vehicle damage. Only one pronghorn antelope (Antilocarpa americana), out of several hundred in the area, has been known to use the same underpasses. Elk (Cervus canadensis) have not had occasion to use the underpasses. Hunted mule deer and elk cross Forest roads most in areas where their feeding sites are adjacent to the road. Elk show a perference to stay over 0.1 mile (160 m) from streams when crossing roads, while deer are not so sensitive. Elk show a preference to stay a minimum of 0.25 mile (400 m) from traffic while deer prefer a minimum of 100 yards (91.m), and antelope use the habitat up to the right-of-way fence. All three species are more responsive to people walkering; elk prefer a distance of 0.5 mile (800 m), deer 200 yards (182 m) and antelope somewhere between the two distances, depending on habitat and experiences. The displacement reaction is definitely the most serious response. Camera systems using microwave sensors and lights are useful in recording animal activities at underpasses. (FHWA)" @default.
- W565753443 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W565753443 date "1980-03-01" @default.
- W565753443 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W565753443 title "EFFECTS OF HIGHWAY OPERATIONS PRACTICES AND FACILITIES ON ELK, MULE DEER, AND PRONGHORN ANTELOPE" @default.
- W565753443 hasPublicationYear "1980" @default.
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