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- W566956430 abstract "focus of interest to teachers, researchers, and program evaluators. Theories of language learning and definitions of language gain have changed in a number of ways over recent decades. This study focuses on how second language research has redefined gain, both substantively in terms of what has been measured, and inferentially, in terms of putative causes underlying individual differences in observed gain. It concludes that there are two main requirements for inferences about language gain to stand up to critical analysis, regardless of the methodology used to assess language abilities. These are that assessments of ability must occur at least twice over the duration of a program, and that all assessment methods must be reliable and valid." @default.
- W566956430 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W566956430 date "1998-01-01" @default.
- W566956430 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W566956430 title "Measuring gain in language programs : theory and research" @default.
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