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- W57223265 abstract "Mitochondria are an active source of free radicals, continuously producing the free radicals O 2 ·− (superoxide radical) and · NO (nitric oxide), by autooxidation of the semiquinones, ubisemiquinone, and flavin mononucleotide, and by the enzymatic action of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase, respectively. The two primary radicals produce, through reactions and chain reactions, a series of oxidizing species, as H 2 O 2 , ONOO − , HO · , ROO · , and 1 O 2 . Nitric oxide inhibits cytochrome oxidase competitively with O 2 (tissue [O 2 ]/[ · NO] ratio is consistent with a respiratory inhibition of 30–45%). Complex III is also inhibited by · NO with promotion of O 2 ·− production. Peroxynitrite (ONOO − ), the product of the reaction of · NO and O 2 ·− , selectively inhibits reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dehydrogenase. The intramitochondrial production of free radicals is involved in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. At the same time, · NO and H 2 O 2 seem to constitute a signal indicating high mitochondrial energy charge to the cytosol." @default.
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- W57223265 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W57223265 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W57223265 title "Mitochondria: Source and Target of Free Radicals" @default.
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- W57223265 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-378630-2.00226-7" @default.
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