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- W577121716 endingPage "e0126208" @default.
- W577121716 startingPage "e0126208" @default.
- W577121716 abstract "Effects of climate change on animal behavior and cascading ecosystem responses are rarely evaluated. In coastal Alaska, social river otters (Lontra Canadensis), largely males, cooperatively forage on schooling fish and use latrine sites to communicate group associations and dominance. Conversely, solitary otters, mainly females, feed on intertidal-demersal fish and display mutual avoidance via scent marking. This behavioral variability creates hotspots of nutrient deposition and affects plant productivity and diversity on the terrestrial landscape. Because the abundance of schooling pelagic fish is predicted to decline with climate change, we developed a spatially-explicit individual-based model (IBM) of otter behavior and tested six scenarios based on potential shifts to distribution patterns of schooling fish. Emergent patterns from the IBM closely mimicked observed otter behavior and landscape use in the absence of explicit rules of intraspecific attraction or repulsion. Model results were most sensitive to rules regarding spatial memory and activity state following an encounter with a fish school. With declining availability of schooling fish, the number of social groups and the time simulated otters spent in the company of conspecifics declined. Concurrently, model results suggested an elevation of defecation rate, a 25% increase in nitrogen transport to the terrestrial landscape, and significant changes to the spatial distribution of hotspots with declines in schooling fish availability. However, reductions in availability of schooling fish could lead to declines in otter density over time." @default.
- W577121716 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W577121716 creator A5036903775 @default.
- W577121716 creator A5066930233 @default.
- W577121716 creator A5080768897 @default.
- W577121716 date "2015-06-10" @default.
- W577121716 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W577121716 title "Modeling Behavior by Coastal River Otter (Lontra Canadensis) in Response to Prey Availability in Prince William Sound, Alaska: A Spatially-Explicit Individual-Based Approach" @default.
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- W577121716 doi "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126208" @default.