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- W577683 abstract "The program used in this study was an adaptation of the Kirshner Program (1977) for the remediation of symbol reversals. VISUAL-MOTOR TRAINING PROGRAM AN D SYMBOL REVERSAL ERRORS Bernard L. Heydorn UNIVERSITY OF WEST INDIES, TRINIDAD Since the 1920 IS, a wealth of data has accumulated on the subject of reversals. In this vast array of studies, such symbol reversal errors as b d, M W, 6 9, have been the focus of a wide and di verse variety of investigations. Many teachers and researchers have developed programs to remediate reversals (Polloway and Polloway, 1980; Kirshner, 1977; Bracey and Ward, 1980 ; Harm:m, 1982; Bannatyne, 1973; Stromer, 1977). These programs utilized a wide range of techniques and methods. The author conducted the following study to investigate the effectiveness of a visual-motor training program for the remediation of symbol reversals. The program used in this study was an adaptation of the Kirshner Program (1977) for the remediation of symbol reversals. Symbol reversals referred to the misperception of single letters and numbers presented in a correct or left-right reversed spatial orientation as measured by the Jordan Left-Right Reversal TestJ Levell (1974). Methods and Procedures Thirty eight first grade students who demonstrated four or more symbol reversal errors (mean score 10.06) on the Jordan LeftRight Reversal Test Level 1 (1974) comprised the sample. These students were taken from seven different classes in two schools in a city. The students were given a series of remedial symbol training lessons by their teachers, 20 minutes per session, three sessions per weeks for eight weeks. They were then posttested at the end of eight weeks wi th the Jordan Left-Right Reversal Test Levell (1974) and the results analyzed. Treatment The author expanded the Kirshner Program (1977) to provide remediation for both uppercase and lowercase letters and also to include all the letters that could potentially be perceptually reversed. The following steps for the remediation of symbol reversals were then implemented: 1. The student used the I magic ruler I of the Kirshner program (1977) modified, to get practice in making the reversed symbol (letter or number) in its correct orientation (Fig.l). 2. The student traced over the correct shape of a large form of the letter or number with his index finger several times," @default.
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- W577683 date "1984-12-31" @default.
- W577683 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W577683 title "Visual-Motor Training Program and Symbol Reversal Errors" @default.
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