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- W578482335 abstract "This paper surveys the different methods for the monetary evaluation of environmental effects, then discusses in more detail a study using the avoidance cost method. The following monetary evaluation methods are reviewed: (1) tradeable permits; (2) the damage cost method; (3) the willingness to pay (willingness to accept) method; (4) the hedonic pricing methods; and (5) the avoidance cost method. The methods are largely complementary; to evaluate a specific external effect, the most relevant available methods must be selected. The avoidance cost method estimates the marginal avoidance costs needed to reach a specific target level of emissions. It has some advantages over the other methods, but its results depend largely on the chosen target level of emissions. The European Union (EU) Environment Programme study External Costs of Transport and Internalisation used the avoidance cost method for economic quantification of environmental costs. The study focused on air pollution, climate change, and noise, with reference to Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands, and Switzerland. Although the avoidance cost method is useful, the paper's discussion of internalised environmental costs leads to the conclusion that a balanced, interdisciplinary mixture of policies and approaches is needed. For the covering abstract see IRRD 887565." @default.
- W578482335 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W578482335 date "1995-01-01" @default.
- W578482335 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W578482335 title "THE AVOIDANCE COST METHOD" @default.
- W578482335 hasPublicationYear "1995" @default.
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