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• W583882696 abstract "Moose-vehicle collisions can be particularly hazardous to motorists given the moose heavy weight and high center of gravity. Faced with an average per year of above 50 MVCs along 200 km of roadway in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve, the Quebec Ministry of Transportation proceeded to fence 68 km while upgrading this roadway from a 2-lane to a 4-lane, divided highway. The QMOT also incorporated 4 crossing structures for moose and other large mammals to maintain connectivity and alleviate the barrier and the potential end effects of fences. A box culvert in which fences, entrances and inside floor were also designed to funnel and attract small to medium-sized mammals was also available for monitoring moose crossings. All 5 underpasses have been accessible to moose and other wildlife since late 2008 except for one more structure not yet completed. As costs of building new structures increase, the QMOT needed to determine what would be the most the cost-effective underpass for moose in future transportation projects. The authors monitored and compared use by moose to determine structural and location features that would improve their future selection and design of underpasses for moose in other critical areas. They used 16 remote cameras from mid -May to late-October in 2009 and 2010. For each underpass, 2 cameras were installed to monitor moose activity at both entrances for each available pathway. A minimum of 133 moose in 92 distinctive events successfully crossed the underpasses in 2009 compared to 253 moose in 209 events in 2010. Moose use of underpasses in 2009 might have been underestimated due to low trigger speeds in some of the used cameras. In 2010, the moose daily crossing rate reached 0.63 and 0.51 in the most heavily used underpasses. Adult cows counted for 45%, adult males 24%, calves 9% and unknown sex or age 22%. Use of the passages in 2010 peaked at 5h00 and between 20h00 and 22h00 at night. However 87% of all successful passages were at night, between 17h00 and 8h00. In 2010, the authors recorded 80% of all crossing events (167/209) in two underpasses. These passageways were located in high moose density areas. Openness ratio did not seem to have an effect on the moose use of the underpasses because one of two most used underpasses has an openness of only 0.9 compared to 14.15 for one of the other underpasses. The former, a box culvert with natural floor, had 115 moose crossing the structure compared to 93 moose for a bridge under open span in 2010. In one site, the authors believed that lack of shrubs and trees in the approach made the underpass less attractive from moose coming from the opposite direction. Underpasses work very well for moose in their study area and this species might not need overpasses to move across highways as originally suggested from earlier studies in the Canadian Rockies. Located in small river or stream valleys, small underpasses made out of box culvert will be readily used by this non-gregarious and large ungulate species when properly funnelled with wildlife fences." @default.
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• W583882696 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W583882696 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W583882696 title "Use of Underpasses by Moose in 2009 and 2010 along Highway 175 in Quebec, Canada: Box Culverts with Natural Floor Can Be a Cost-Effective Passageway" @default.
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