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• W585675939 abstract "Biological control efforts against the perennial invasive Euphorbia esula/virgata in North America have left 30–50% of all treated sites without impact after 10–15 years. Those efforts focused almost exclusively on insect releases. Much evidence is available indicating that soil biotic factors affect both invasiveness and biocontrol effectiveness. The authors have shown that soilborne bacteria and fungi are linked to biomass reductions or mortality in conjunction with insect damage. To understand factors possibly affecting synergistic interaction of the insects with plant pathogens shown to cause rapid weed mortality, predominant bacteria associated with the flea beetle Aphthona flava Guill. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) released to control E. esula/virgata L. in western North America, were isolated and identified. Two Euphorbia-infested sites with widely differing levels of impact 8–10 years after insect release were sampled. From the site that exhibited rapid, sweeping declines in Euphorbia density, 6 of 12 isolates were Bacillus spp., 4 were coryneform species and 2 were Pseudomonad­ aceae. Bacteria isolated from the Cottonwood site included some species often associated with the biocontrol of soilborne plant pathogens. The results of tests for a range of hydrolytic enzymes showed that the two groups differed in the frequency of isolates positive for such enzymes as cellulase and xylanase. Two isolates from each location representative of predominant bacterial species and their range of traits were selected for testing on E. esula/virgata in combination with Aphthona spp. After 35–37 weeks, two isolates positive for cellulase from the Knutson Creek site caused significant (P = 0.05) dry weight reductions of E. esula/virgata plants of 64% and 6 %, respectively, in combination with Aphthona spp. One of the two isolates from the Cottonwood site, also positive for cellulase production, caused a 60% reduction in dry weight compared with the control." @default.
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• W585675939 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W585675939 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W585675939 title "Biomass reduction of Euphorbia esula/virgata by insect/bacterial combinations." @default.
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• W585675939 doi "https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845935061.0007" @default.
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