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• W585908080 abstract "Globalization has been a disputed concept among social theorists who diverge in defining the time-line, the contents or even the consequences of global processes, whether they refer to transnational capitalism, to liberal democracy, to cultural encounters, mass-media, fashion or the internet. Traditionally, globalization has been either viewed as the spread of western modernity, as an eroding force against the nation-state or, perhaps more importantly, as an uneven and contradictory system of fluxes between centre and periphery, which is often associated with the historicallybounded dichotomy between the west and the rest. Rather than a reified substance, contemporary globalization is broadly the heuristic device which connects the global and the local supporting the continued relations between old colonizers and postcolonized societies. From imperialist days to nowadays, globalization brings into play a history of violence and domination, but also of resistance, change and creativity, a history of civilizational encounters but also of inner transformation and permanent recreation of modernities. The purpose of this paper is to rethink the nature of the global context and its significance for local experiences of culture, power and identity, departing from the timeless structure/agency problem. I argue that the historical construction of the post-colonial society and of the individual self are not separate processes nor suffer differently the impact of local and global forces; on the contrary, they establish a relation of complicity marked by openness, indeterminacy and ambiguity. Hence, I discuss three main problems in order to establish the relation between globalization, agency and the constitution of modernities. First, I focus on power and domination emphasizing the ways through which globalization has historically produced inequalities at several levels: the power of the west over the other, the struggle of powers in post-colonial “colonization” (such as the ICS WORKING PAPERS 2014 3 confrontation between socialist and liberal democrat visions of the state), the power of post-colonial elites over the people, the tensions in defining the boundaries of subaltern otherness. Remembering Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks, where he stressed the transformation of subjection (colonial racism) into subjectivity, contemporary processes of hegemony/subalternization emerge from the entanglements between levels and bring in multiple references. Secondly, I draw on issues of hybridism and culture in colonial/postcolonial societies, exploring the connections between the visions of hybridization globalists (eg., Bhabha or Appadurai) and the constitution of multiple modernities, through the entanglements produced by processes of hybridity, according to Bhabha, the third space which enables other positions to emerge. Drawing on the example of Mozambique (where I developed fieldwork) some examples of how people are borrowing meanings from western dominators enables us to emphasize the creativity and hybridity of cultural constructions. Thirdly and lastly, I conclude through a discussion of the relationship between plurality – plural processes of globalization, multiple references for constituting and performing the self – and Eisenstadt’s concept of multiple modernities." @default.
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• W585908080 date "2014-01-01" @default.
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• W585908080 title "Globalization and Identity: reassessing power, hybridism and plurality" @default.
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