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• W59236463 abstract "Event Abstract Back to Event Models of time delays in the gamma cycle should operate on the level of individual neurons Peng Wang1*, Martha Havenith1, Micha Best1, Wolf Singer1, 2, Peter Uhlhaas1 and Danko Nikolic1, 2 1 Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Germany 2 Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Germany Neural synchronization is observed across numerous experimental paradigms, species and measurement methods. Recent results suggest that small time delays among synchronized responses can convey information about visual stimuli [1, 2], which becomes an interesting problem for an implementation in the models of cortical dynamics. We found evidence that this temporal code operates at the level of individual neurons and not at the level of larger anatomical structures such as the hyper-columns or brain areas. Delays between signals recorded from spatially distant electrodes (e.g., electrodes of scalp EEG, 1 to 5 cm separation) were compared to delays between signals obtained from more proximal electrodes (either ~2 mm apart between two Michigan probes or 200-800 microns apart, within a single probe). We also compared the delays between different types of signals, ranging from single-unit (SU) and multi-unit activity (MU) to local-field potentials (LFP) and EEG.An increase in the spatial distance between electrodes did not increase the delays between the signals. Thus, when the signals from distant electrodes were synchronized at gamma frequencies, the associated delays were about as large as those between neighboring electrodes. Instead, the variable that affected most strongly the magnitudes of the delays was the type of the signal used in the analysis. The fewer neurons contributed to a given signal, the larger were the overall delays. Hence, SUs exhibited larger delays than MUs, which in turn exhibited larger delays than LFPs. The smallest delays were observed for scalp EEG despite the fact that these electrodes were segregated spatially to the highest extent (Figure 1). Similar results were obtained with respect to stimulus-induced changes in the time delays. The strongest effects were found for SUs, and the effects gradually decreased as the analysis shifted progressively towards signals with ever lager numbers of contributing neurons, i.e., MU, LFP and EEG. Again, an increase in the distance between the electrodes did not augment the effects. These results suggest that only individual neurons adjust the time at which they fire relative to the ongoing activity. An entire hyper-column or a brain area will usually not be activated earlier than another hyper-column or a brain area. Thus, models of time delays within a gamma cycle should restrict the operation level of this mechanism putative brain code seems to be restricted to individual neurons, which in case of distant synchronization, may also be spread over a range of cortical areas. Moreover, in these models, the conduction delays between distant brain areas do not seem should not be responsible for the induction of the delays in synchronization. Conference: Bernstein Conference on Computational Neuroscience, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 30 Sep - 2 Oct, 2009. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Neural encoding and decoding Citation: Wang P, Havenith M, Best M, Singer W, Uhlhaas P and Nikolic D (2009). Models of time delays in the gamma cycle should operate on the level of individual neurons. Front. Comput. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Bernstein Conference on Computational Neuroscience. doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.10.2009.14.105 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 27 Aug 2009; Published Online: 27 Aug 2009. * Correspondence: Peng Wang, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany, pwang@mpih-frankfurt.mpg.de Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Peng Wang Martha Havenith Micha Best Wolf Singer Peter Uhlhaas Danko Nikolic Google Peng Wang Martha Havenith Micha Best Wolf Singer Peter Uhlhaas Danko Nikolic Google Scholar Peng Wang Martha Havenith Micha Best Wolf Singer Peter Uhlhaas Danko Nikolic PubMed Peng Wang Martha Havenith Micha Best Wolf Singer Peter Uhlhaas Danko Nikolic Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page." @default.
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• W59236463 title "Models of time delays in the gamma cycle should operate on the level of individual neurons" @default.
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