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- W592904007 abstract "This paper describes the privatization process of the Japanese National Railway in 1987, and the performance changes in the ten years following the privatization. The Japanese National Railway was separated into one Japanese Railway (JR) freight rail company and six JR passenger rail companies. Distinguishing features of the privatization include: horizontal separation; passenger-freight separation; vertical integration; lump-sum subsidy for low-density JRs; establishment of an Intermediary Institution; and allowance of non-rail business. The JRs have improved performance in many areas since privatization, such as financial status, operating costs, labor productivity and overall service quality. Accident rates did not increase after privatization and fares remained steady for nine years following privatization. Privatization has led to increased productivity and efficiency in general; however, several challenges remain. These challenges include a lack of freight competition, financial difficulties among some JRs due to a decrease in fund revenues, liquidation of the Japanese National Railway long-term debts, and the sale of remaining JR stock." @default.
- W592904007 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W592904007 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W592904007 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W592904007 title "PRIVATIZATION OF THE JAPAN NATIONAL RAILWAY: OVERVIEW OF PERFORMANCE CHANGES. IN: RAILWAYS" @default.
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