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- W59587652 abstract "Abstract The effects of the dispersants Corexit 9600 and 7664 and a reference toxicant (sodium lauryl sulphate), in the presence of northern freshwater ponds were assessed. The responses of five species, Salix interior (sandbar willow), Carex aquatilis (sedge), Sphagnum warnstorfii (sphagnum moss), Cladina mitis (reindeer lichen), and Picea mariana (black spruce), each representing a different growth form, to the dispersants and dispersed oil were examined under controlled environment conditions (12°C). Initial growth and recovery after dormancy were evaluated. Oil sprayed on foliage or poured onto soil caused the most damage; no willow or moss survived. Plants that survived an oil treatment were not adversely affected by the spraying of dispersants. The effects of Corexit 7664 alone were less severe than those of Corexit 9600. Rates of photosynthesis in the lichen, measured by the uptake of 14 CO 2 , were greatly reduced by all treatments compared to the control. Once oil was sprayed on the lichens, additions of either dispersant did not increase 14 C uptake. Photosynthesis rates for plants treated with Corexit 7664, in the absence of oil, were almost twice those for lichens treated with Corexit9600. The sedge and to a lesser extent the willow and lichen were the most tolerant of all treatments; the moss and black spruce were the most sensitive. The use of these species and other methods for assessing the toxic effects of oil spill chemicals and crude oil in the development of bioassay methods are considered. The most visible and greatest short term effects of crude oil spills and dispersant use on shoreline communities will be defoliation and a reduction in above ground plant cover." @default.
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- W59587652 date "1987-01-01" @default.
- W59587652 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W59587652 title "EFFECTS OF OIL AND OIL SPILL CHEMICALS ON SHORELINE PLANTS OF NORTHERN FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS" @default.
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- W59587652 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-031862-2.50033-2" @default.
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