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• W6020104 abstract "Introduction In 2009, more than 3.69 million students attended college outside their native country. (OECD 2011, 318) The largest percentage, 17%, or 623,119 of these students, chose to come to American universities. (Institute of International Education 2010a) The next three most popular destination countries were the United Kingdom with 13%, France with 8%, and Germany, also with 8%. (Bhandari 2009) International students and their families contributed $18.77 billion to the U.S. economy in tuition, fees, and living expenses. The three largest recipients were California with $2.834 billion, New York with $2.296 billion, and Texas with $1.2585 billion. (NAFSA 2011) The five universities with the largest international student populations were the University of Southern California, University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign, New York University, Purdue University-Main Campus, and New York's Columbia University. The five countries that sent the most students to American universities, by number, are China, India, South Korea, Canada, and Taiwan. International students' major fields of study were business and management, engineering, physical and life sciences, mathematics and computer science, and the social sciences. (Institute of International Education 2010b) International students received 24% funding from the host college, but were responsible for the remainder from personal, family, and home government resources. (Institute of International Education 2010b) Thus, the need to do well in college is a cause of great stress. Failure, in some cultures, would lead to losing face, which is a feeling of intense shame, reflecting badly on self, family, and even country. Additional pressures could come from a need to maintain high grade-point ratios in order to retain scholarships, or from trying to complete a three year program in two years. The greatest difficulty is tackling academic English with only a cursory, ESL (English as a Second Language) knowledge of the language. (Greenfield, Johnston, and Williams 1986, 229) Even though they watch American motion pictures, and have internet access, visiting students still experience culture shock. Academic culture shock can be defined as having feelings of helplessness, anxiety, and depression when adapting to a new cultural environment. (Key Words in Multicultural Interventions: A Dictionary, 1999, 89-90) Since a student's academic success is partially determined by being able to navigate the library's information resources, a librarian can be that student's compass, buoy, and lighthouse. There are other differences between international and domestic students. Their educational systems are sometimes more rigid, where rote memorization is preferable to developing original ideas. Often there is very little class participation because of large class size, and a cultural reluctance to challenge the instructor's authority and knowledge. Additionally, because textbooks are either not available, or too costly, the teacher is frequently the only disseminator of information. (Greenfield, Johnston, and Williams 1986, 229) Librarians need to be aware of these differences, and, during library classes, they should encourage international students to feel free to express themselves in class, and in their research papers. Librarians can connect with this special population by contacting the college's ESL program, (Bordonaro 2006, 240) or the International Students' Office. The Library can assign one or more librarian(s) as liaison(s) to this group, and schedule a workshop before the semester commences, or during orientation week. When conducting the workshop, or if there are international students in a library instruction class, the following techniques can be applied: Use library jargon sparingly, but if you do, explain it. Library and research-related words are sometimes homonymous. A citation could be confused with a parking ticket, an abstract could be a type of art, a journal in French is a newspaper, (Amsberry 2008, 355) and faculty in British means the same as a course of study or a school within a college. …" @default.
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• W6020104 title "Alleviating International Students' Culture Shock and Anxiety in American Academic Libraries: Welcome, Ahlan Wa Sahlan, Anyeong Hae Sae Yo, Bienvenidos, Huan ying, Sanu Da Zuwa, Shalom, Swaagat hai" @default.
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