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• W60353549 endingPage "96" @default.
• W60353549 startingPage "75" @default.
• W60353549 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the main features of the most abundant basal ganglia ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. It reviews the concept that neurotransmitters produce their physiological effects by acting on receptive substances or receptors on cells. Neurotransmitter receptors fall into two classes: ionotropic, which includes acetylcholine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and metabotropic or serpentine receptors, which include dopamine, GABA, opioid, tachykinin, adenosine and glutamate receptors. The principal distinction is that ionotropic receptors when activated open to let Na+, K+, Ca2+ or Cl- ions pass through, either depolarizing or hyperpolarizing the cell, whilst the serpentine seven transmembrane metab­otropic receptors exert their slower effects after ligand binding through activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins that influence downstream signaling pathways. Other important features of transmitter receptors include saturability, specificity, supersensitivity and reversibility. Particularly the technique of expression cloning, where cDNAs were expressed in Xenopus oocytes, allowed the identification of the majority of transmitter receptors. More recently transgenic techniques using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells which allow selective, regional or condi­tional knockouts and knock-ins of specific receptors have allowed the localization and roles of individual receptors are also discussed in this chapter." @default.
• W60353549 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W60353549 creator A5029529474 @default.
• W60353549 creator A5032388309 @default.
• W60353549 creator A5088282584 @default.
• W60353549 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W60353549 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W60353549 title "Neurotransmitter Receptors in the Basal Ganglia" @default.
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