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• W607398505 abstract "Considerable attention has been given to the role that neighborhood environments play in addressing racial health disparities. However, these explanations do not fully take into account the social interactions of residents and their influence on perceptions of health-related behaviors. This article examines how racially segregated social networks could facilitate an obesity epidemic among female African-American adolescents by formulating obesity-promoting attitudes and behavior norms. Although there is growing empirical evidence on the role of social networks in increasing rates of obesity, there has been little discussion regarding its potential utilization as an intervention strategy. This article reviews the literature on this topic and suggests implications and limitations in designing interventions to address obesity using peer groups among female African-American adolescents. RACIAL SEGREGATION, PEER GROUPS Michigan Journal of Social Work and Social Welfare, Volume II, Issue I | 59 Introduction The percentage of adolescent obesity has roughly tripled over the past three decades, and female African-American adolescents account for a disproportionate share of this increase (Ogden, et al., 2010). Almost 30 percent of female African-American adolescents are obese, up 12.9 percent; the overall percentage and the rate of increase in this group are higher than that experienced by AfricanAmerican male adolescents, Caucasian male and female adolescents, or Latino male and female adolescents (Ogden, et al., 2010). This prevalence, as well as the severity of obesity, triggers a number of health disparities across a range of indicators, including heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, respiratory disease, and nephritis (LaVeist, 2005). Obesity in adolescence has a cumulative effect on lifelong health, with studies showing that health in adolescence, to a great extent, determines how people function physically and mentally as adults (Alleyne & LaPoint, 2004). Therefore, early interventions with this population are critical. Individual-centered approaches to explaining the causes of ill health have, in recent years, lost momentum in academia due to their limited ability to ensure effectiveness in reducing health disparities. This limitation arises from ignoring the context in which individual factors are embedded (Geronimus & Thompson, 2004; Diez Roux & Mair, 2010; Link & Phelan, 1995). Among these contextual factors, neighborhood environment has been identified as one of the principle culprits behind racial health disparities (Massey, 2004; Williams & Collins, 2001). This article narrows the scope of previous literature regarding neighborhood environments and health disparities (Diez Roux & Mair, 2010). Instead, it focuses on the social environments where behavioral norms are formulated through social networks that greatly influence obesity-promoting attitudes and behaviors. An alternative explanation is proposed for the prevalence of obesity among female African-American adolescents1 by considering the social context of segregation in the U.S. In addition, related intervention strategies are discussed by 1 Gender differences found in rates of obesity among African-American adolescents are not the focus of this article. Further studies are needed to investigate what factors contribute to the buffering effects for male AfricanAmericans adolescents, who are embedded in the same social context of segregation as their African-American female peers." @default.
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• W607398505 date "2011-01-01" @default.
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• W607398505 title "Racial segregation, peer groups and the prevalence of obesity among female African American adolescents" @default.
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