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- W609004253 abstract "This article describes the historic and modern use of natural cement, a hydraulic cement produced by calcining an naturally occurring clay limestone at a temperature below the sintering point and then grinding to a fine powder. Portland cement, by comparison, is produced by blending and firing mixtures of limestone and clay at higher temperatures. The author focuses on the historical and technical impact of natural cement, which was used for the Erie Canal (1817), the Delaware and Hudson Canal (1825), the Third System fortifications on the Atlantic coast (1815 - 1845), lighthouse construction and modification (1855), the Smithsonian Castle (Washington, D.C.), the Washington Aqueduct (1852), and the Brooklyn Bridge (1883). The author outlines the changeover to Portland cement, which occurred by the turn of the 20th century, then discusses the revival of natural cement use which coincided with a new interest in historic preservation and renovation in the 1980s. The author notes that as the restoration industry rediscovers natural cement technology and its importance, there is also a danger that inauthentic materials will be promoted and labeled as natural cement. The confusion of these inauthentic materials with the traditional materials used in the United States may lead to incompatible and inappropriate repairs, potentially damaging the very structures that are being saved." @default.
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- W609004253 date "2006-01-01" @default.
- W609004253 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W609004253 title "The American Natural Cement Revival: Reintroducing A Historic Masonry Material and One of ASTM's Oldest Standards" @default.
- W609004253 hasPublicationYear "2006" @default.
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