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- W609006980 abstract "For centuries, cities have sought to enable circulation of people, goods, and services. The advent of new technologies (the urban railway, tram, bus and the car) changed the spatial layout of cities dramatically from the historic compact walking city, facilitating the growth of modern cities. In the late 20th century, it became clear that the accompanying growth of motor vehicles can bring its own problems. Road and parking space is finite, and the allocation of space by congestion, regulation, taxation, or the provision of new capacity in larger urban areas has its limitations. In the most congested locations, drivers are not paying sufficiently for the road and parking space that they consume. As a result, there is economic inefficiency and congestion hinders mobility of people, services and goods. A few cities - notably Singapore, London, and Stockholm - have introduced successful road pricing schemes to allocate limited road space more effectively. In looking to the future, cities and central governments can draw on the experience of these cities in considering their transport policy frameworks. But policymakers may wish to go further: localized charging, whilst effective in reducing congestion levels within a central urban area, may not fit readily within a wider urban or national charging scheme with a more comprehensive set of objectives. Such wider schemes, which might include vehicle emission criteria, could potentially address a broader range of policy objectives." @default.
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- W609006980 date "2007-01-01" @default.
- W609006980 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W609006980 title "Road User Charging" @default.
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