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W612783921 abstract "Managers and customers should understand and estimate the amount of effort required for development in order to make bidding, financing, hiring, and development decisions. Erroneous estimates of effort for large scale programs may have disastrous economic consequences. Software cost models generally rely on such inputs as lines of source code or delivered sets of instruction estimates, expert judgments, function points and complexity to produce cost estimates. These models produce generally inaccurate results when used without modification, to estimate the cost of software development in more recent development environments, such as those which involve use of fourth generation languages.One reason for this difficulty is that existing cost models do not directly estimate the level of effort in terms of the major fourth generation language (4GL) components. 4GL applications are not well characterized by the metrics of lines of code or conventional function points. 4GL applications are better described as aggregates of forms, reports, tables, and modules.In this work, a new model based on these four functional parameters has been identified and evaluated on a group of 4GL applications. The basic model resulted in a mean magnitude of relative error predictive accuracy close to 50%, the probability of an estimate having 25% magnitude of relative error is 41%, and the magnitude of the mean square estimation error is 60%. In the best 77% of the cases, the mean magnitude of relative error was 25% in validation trials. This 4GL cost model, denoted COSTMO-4GLS model, utilizes the four structural components of 4GL software development that can be readily estimated from design specifications and prior to development. This model resulted from a consideration of several similar models which possessed varying degrees of descriptive and prescriptive validity.COSTMO-4GL shows promise as a basic level prescriptive model. Suggestions for future research directions into the development of an intermediate level model, based upon the structural 4GL components of the basic level model that will consider complexity adjustments are presented." @default.
W612783921 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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W612783921 date "1998-03-17" @default.
W612783921 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
W612783921 title "A cost estimation model for fourth generation language (4GL) software development environments" @default.
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