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• W6206910 abstract "Climate change effects in weather conditions and on grape vine phenology are of significant interest as the effects could cause major deviations in wine quality. This is especially the case for the appellation excellence index that is linked to the world's major wine regions. These regions have become famous for the finest wine they currently produce, with cultivation and winemaking practices that have been refined over the years. Initial investigations into conventional methods and approaches applied to analysing the effects of climate change, both long and short term, (or vintage-to-vintage) for viticulture generally and individual wine quality, reveal the complexity of inter-dependent variables present for such a study. Long term climate change effects on grape vine varieties, one of the most expensive cultivated crops, are described to be dramatic both in old as well as new wine producing countries. This could be due to the effects of global warming, which in the assessment of some scientists is occurring faster than anticipated with its effects being inconsistent across the globe and in extent on different vegetation. Combined with this is the geographical niche that is required for ripening grapes with ideal composition of sugar as well as colour, aroma, and flavour proteins. If the current rate of global warming continues, most of the Mediterranean countries that produce some of the finest wines in the world would no longer be able to continue to do so because they are at their peak, hence even a single centigrade degree (1 o C) increase in mean temperatures could cause major deviations in the appellations produced from those wine regions, which are well known for their wine style. Published research reveals that such shifts in major wine regions triggered by climate change and consequent grape growing conditions had happened before and growing practices have changed as a result, in order to maintain wine quality consistency. A recent Australian study suggested for sufficient planning for the reestablishment of vineyards with newer varieties to suit the changing climatic conditions which is a major challenge for the wine producing regions of that country. A review of methods for modelling the effects of short term climate variability on wine quality, showed a trend towards the establishment of correlations between annual climate change and grapevine yield/ wine market trends, such as consumer demand, price and vintage ratings, and the principal chemical components responsible for colour, aroma and flavour of wines. The research described in this paper seeks to underpin the correlations between major dependent factors of climate change using precise climate data logged in numerous regions in different countries and wine quality, which is partly subjective and is generally described as being qualitative or imprecise. This data is usually in the form of opinions and can be either spoken or written but is mostly found in consumer or professional journals or published via the Internet. These descriptions of human sensory perception are often presented as wine taster comments and vary in detail, even in the expert ratings given by sommeliers. The experimental approach described here is a continuation of some earlier research by the authors on the application of WEBSOM (SOM: self-organising map, also see http://websom.hut.fi/websom/) combined with some non-parametric statistical methods used to analyse the correlations between vintage-to-vintage climate change effects on the quality of New Zealand Pinot Noir wines, using precise and imprecise data. The principal data variables included in this research are: temperature standard deviation during growing season for weather conditions, and aroma, flavour and taste descriptors extracted from sommelier comments for wine quality in a small sample set of wines produced from Kumeu wineries in northern New Zealand from 1997 to 2006. Using this multivariate value framework the paper illustrates the web text mining approach (WEBSOM) for modelling the interrelations between vintage-to-vintage climate change factors and wine quality descriptors and concludes with consideration of some future research directions. The results of WEBSOM and discriminant analysis (50% cases correctly cross-validated) show promise for modelling short term climate change effects on wine quality." @default.
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• W6206910 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W6206910 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W6206910 title "Unsupervised Artificial Neural Nets for Modelling the Effects of Climate Change on New Zealand Grape Wines" @default.
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