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- W622357588 abstract "This is volume II of a two-volume report of a study to increase the scope and clarity of air pollution models for depressed highway and street canyon sites. It presents the atmospheric wind tunnel program conducted to increase the data base and improve physical concepts of pertinent movements and mixing of air and its contaminants. Wind tunnel measurements are less costly than field measurements and are sensitive to controlled input variables. The first wind tunnel operations assured geometric, vortex structure, and upstream flow similarity and correct building wake and moving vehicle effects. Tracer gases from point, line, and moving vehicle sources were used appropriately. For wind tunnel models of depressed roads or street canyons hot-wire anemometer velocity and turbulence, pressure distribution and receptor point concentration measurements were made. Using a selected standard road model which had two dimensions and a width/height (W/H) ratio of one, effects of wind angle, local source location, added upwind cuts, vehicle speed, ambient wind speed, and the presence of upwind wall canopy were observed. Other two-dimensional tests involved changing the W/H ratios from 0.25 to 6.0, sloping the walls, slotted walls, walls of unequal heights, and curved roads. Three-dimensional tests included end effects, intersections, and an added taller structure along one side of the road. Test results gave qualitative evaluations, concise tables, graphic illustrations, and qualitative concepts of wind flows and dispersion. Some findings include: (1) Wind flows and air pollution impacts are affected by W/H ratio, road curvature, and slope of walls, vehicle movements, and source locations. Slotted buildings upwind reduce impacts. (2) Air contaminant concentrations are reduced near intersections due to vertical vortices at corners. (3) Simulations of five field sites by wind tunnel tests were satisfactory." @default.
- W622357588 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W622357588 date "2002-09-01" @default.
- W622357588 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W622357588 title "MODIFICATIONS OF HIGHWAY AIR POLLUTION MODELS FOR COMPLEX GEOMETRIES. VOLUME II: WIND TUNNEL TEST PROGRAM" @default.
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