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• W62793054 abstract "The controlled drug release has been proven to enhance the bioavailability of a drugby maintaining the drug concentration in therapeutic level within certain period oftime and lowering the risk of drugs side effects by reducing the frequency of drugadministration. Among the available drug administration systems, microcapsule hasprovided advantages over the conventional mode, due to higher efficiency andflexibility. This microcapsule can be produced by supercritical fluids (SCF) methodwhich currently been used in composite particles production. This application solvesthe limitations of conventional pharmaceutical methods for the production of activeingredient loaded micro particles. Supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) is one of the SCFmethods proven to have good potential in micronization of pure component. In thistechnique, SCF acts as an anti-solvent for the feed solution and the precipitationoccurs when these two media (SCF and feed solution) contact each other. Therefore,the general objective of this study is to widen the application of SAS in the co-precipitation of two components namely acetaminophen in Eudragit RL 100 towardscontrolling the delivery of the drug.The investigation began with the development of a mathematical model to estimatethe rate of mass transfer between a solvent droplet and CO2 during SAS process inthe supercritical regime. The simulation results show that, the solvent dropletexpands when the solvent is denser than CO2, and shrinks when the CO2 is denserthan the solvent. Both of these phenomena occur in less than one second. Based onthe developed mathematical model, SAS system with 490ml of precipitation vessel isdesigned and developed. The design work focuses on the precipitation vessel,particle collector, temperature control system, process stream and selection ofspraying device. After the commissioning of the SAS completed, the system is usedto determine the optimum operating conditions for co-precipitation of acetaminophenin Eudragit RL 100. The optimum conditions are determined based on theencapsulation efficiency, particle size, product recovery and loading efficiency. Theoptimum conditions are 110 bars, 35 °C, 1.75 ml/min feed flow rate and 35 mg/mlpolymer concentration.The repeatability and consistency of the SAS system is also determined to ensure theaccuracy of the results. At least 90% consistency is achieved in the co-precipitationof acetaminophen in Eudragit RL100 as judged by the particles size. In addition, theanalysis of fourier transform infra red (FTIR) and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA)prove that the association between the acetaminophen and Eudragit RL 100 isphysical. The results also show that the SAS process do not change the chemicalstructure (FTIR and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)) and thermal stability (TGA and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) of acetaminophenduring the process. However, the crystallinity of treated acetaminophen is marginallyreduced compared to the untreated acetaminophen (x-ray diffraction (XRD)). Moreimportantly, SAS process has successfully improved the homogenity and size ofacetaminophen which is evidenced from the image of scanning electron microscope(SEM). The diffusion coefficient for the release of the processed acetaminophen isalso determined by Fick’s second law in this study. In is found that the diffusioncoefficient is affected by the particle size and polymer concentration. The estimateddiffusion coefficient has a magnitude of 10-14 m2/s.In conclusion, SAS technique has been proven to be one of the promising alternativetechniques for co-precipitation of two solutes in drug microcapsules production forcontrolled drug delivery." @default.
• W62793054 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W62793054 creator A5010756271 @default.
• W62793054 date "2009-09-01" @default.
• W62793054 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W62793054 title "Co-Precipitation of Acetaminophen and Eugragit Rl 100 Using Supercritical Anti-Solvent in Controlled Drug Delivery" @default.
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