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• W634988319 abstract "The developmental stages and life cycle of the nematode Camallanus anabantis Pearse, 1933 an intestinal parasite of Anabas testudineus (Bloch) are described. The copepod Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus) was used as experimental intermediate host. After being ingested by the copepods the nematode first-stage larvae enter its haemocoel, where they moult twice, 4 d.p.i. and 11 d.p.i., at 21-26°C, respectively to become the infective third-stage larvae. The definitive fish hosts become infected when feeding on copepods harbouring infective larvae. In the fish host’s intestine the larvae undergo two more moults, the third on day 15 p.i. The fourth moult of “male” larvae occurred on day 68 p.i. and that of “female” larvae on day 86 p.i. at water temperatures 24-36°C. A female with eggs and few larvae in the uteri was first observed on day 187 p.i. The nematode Camallanus anabantis Pearse, 1933 is the common intestinal parasite of Anabas testudineus (Bloch) (type host) and also reported to be harboured by many other fishes such as Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus), Channa gachua (Hamilton), C. punctatus (Bloch), Puntius filamentosus (Valenciennes), Betta unimaculata (Popta), Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede) and Trichogaster trichopterus (Pallas) (see Soota 1983). Examinations of the larvae, particularly the third and fourth stages, have been found useful in determining species in the genus (see De and Ghosh 1989). De (1993) studied the seasonal dynamics of C. anabantis in the type host but the development and larval morphogenesis of this nematode are still unknown. The life cycles of only six Camallanus species from fishes (Kupryanova 1954, CampanaRouget 1961, Moravec 1969, 1971a, b, Monchenko 1972 on C. lacustris (Zoega, 1776), Kupryanova 1954 on C. truncatus (Rudolphi, 1814), Stromberg and Crites 1974 on C. oxycephalus Ward et Magath, 1917, Stumpp 1975 on C. cotti Fujita, 1927, Campana-Rouget et al. 1976 on C. fotedari Raina et Dhar, 1972 and De and Maity 1995 on C. xenentodoni Khan et Yaseen, 1969) have been studied so far. The present communication deals with the results of the studies on the development of C. anabantis in the intermediate copepod host and the definitive fish host. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens of Camallanus anabantis were collected from intestines of Anabas testudineus purchased from the local fish market in Kalyani, West Bengal, India in February 1997. The collected worms were rinsed thoroughly in 0.85% saline. Gravid females with motile first-stage larvae in their uteri were sorted out and transferred to small Petri dishes (4 worms in each) containing filtered tap water and kept overnight at room temperature to permit the release of larvae. The spent females were taken out and the content of each Petri dish was poured into a 250 ml glass beaker containing filtered pond water up to one third and in which fifty previously starved, laboratory reared copepods, Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus) had been added earlier. After being exposed for two hours the copepods from each beaker were transferred to separate 500 ml beakers, three-fourth of which had been previously filled up with filtered pond water. A few algal filaments were added to each beaker, kept at 21-26°C. Twenty-five copepods from each beaker were examined under low magnification to determine infection of the copepods. To study larval development, copepods from each beaker were teased by fine needles on glass slides and examined by light microscopy at 2 hour intervals after 24 hours of infection period. Later, the intervals were gradually increased. For experimental infection a total of 60 fishes, A. testudineus reared in the laboratory and fed dry food only were used. To infect the fishes five infected copepods (each harbouring 4 third-stage larvae on average) were forcibly pushed into the stomach of each fish by means of a long-nozzled dropper. The fishes were kept at normal temperatures 24-36°C. The fishes were killed and examined at intervals, between 9 and 187 d.p.i. All larvae i.e. those obtained from the haemocoel of the cyclops and caeca and intestine of the fishes were killed by gentle heating and fixed in 4% formaldehyde. After being cleared in 2% glycerol the larvae were examined by light microscopy. All measurements are in micrometres." @default.
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• W634988319 date "2013-01-01" @default.
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• W634988319 title "On the development and life cycle of Camallanus anabantis (Nematoda: Camallanidae), a parasite of the climbing perch, Anabas testudineus" @default.
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