Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W64522312> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W64522312 abstract "Cattle dung and some associated insects cause problems in the rangelands of the Southern Interior of British Columbia. Three of these problems were investigated: (i) the production of a pest species, the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus), which breeds in fresh dung; (ii) nitrogen loss from dung; and (iii) immobilization of potential plant nutrients in undecomposed dung pads. These problems are intensified by the lack of an effective coprophagous beetle fauna in the area. The field research was done at Kamloops, British Columbia, during 1971 and 1972. Horn fly production from dung was measured in the presence and absence of other insects. Adult female flies were trapped at dung pads after oviposition during the day and at night. The pads were then either exposed to field insects for 24 hours or covered with frames excluding insects for the same period, after which they were removed to a greenhouse where all fauna emerged. The number of adult horn fly progeny produced per ovipositing female was obtained for each pad. The effect of other insects on horn fly was measured by comparing the progeny produced per female for both exposed and covered pads that were deposited about the same time. Horn fly females did not show a definite diurnal rhythm in oviposition. Numbers of progeny produced per female fly showed an apparent peak from 0300-0600, while lowest numbers were produced in the early evening. ~~~roximately half the common insect species in cattle dung at Kamloops are known or thought to be exotic. The overall effect of these insects was to suppress horn fly production from dung pads mainly by predation. Nitrogen (N) loss from dung was measured by exposing dishes of fresh feces outdoors in a screened cage. House fly larvae (Musca domestica Linnaeus) were used to measure the contribution of coprophagous Diptera to this loss. Little N was lost from pads when insects were absent. Nitrogen loss from artificial 960-g dung pads exposed to other insects in the field did not exceed 13.5% after 16 days. Nitrogen content of dung 10 days after being seeded with increasing numbers of fly larvae bore an inverse relationship to the original number of larvae used. Heavy infestations of dipterous larvae caused the loss of more N than was removed in insect tissues. Volatilization of ammonia by microorganisms together with excretion of ammonia by larvae may be responsible for this. Only two species of dung-burying beetles are present at Kamloops. The dung burial efficiency of Onthophagus nuchicornis (Linnaeus), originally introduced accidentally, was measured in greenhouse experiments. This species was also used to assess the effect of dung burial on the development of fly larvae and on the growth of range grass. When fly larvae were present in dung at certain densities, their survival was inversely related to the number of brood balls constructed by the beetles. Beetles do not bury dung in midsummer, which is the time of greatest horn fly activity in the field, and they do not have any useful effect in removing dung from pastures. The nutrient value of fresh dung for range plants was evaluated over two seasons in a pot experiment using depleted range soil and beardless wheatgrass, Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. & Smith. Dung treatments included one in which 200 g of fresh feces were fully mixed with the pot soil (330 lblacre N) and another where a portion of the same quantity of dung was buried in the soil by 0 . nuchicornis (120 lb/acre N). Total i nco rpora t ion of t h e f r e s h dung i n t o t h e s o i l i nc reased t h e t o t a l crude p r o t e i n product ion of t h e wheatgrass over t h a t of t h e un t r ea t ed c o n t r o l by 100% over two y e a r s , and a l s o increased t h e p o t e n t i a l seed product ion and v igo r of t h e g r a s s . B u r i a l of an average of 37% of t h e a v a i l a b l e dung by b e e t l e s caused a 38% i n c r e a s e i n crude p r o t e i n over t h a t of t h e c o n t r o l dur ing t h e same per iod . The n a t u r e of problems caused by c a t t l e dung i n B r i t i s h Columbia sugges t s t h a t i n t r o d u c t i o n of a d d i t i o n a l s p e c i e s of e x o t i c dung b e e t l e s should b e considered. The o r i g i n a l n u t r i e n t c y c l e s were a l t e r e d when c a t t l e were in t roduced i n t o B r i t i s h Columbia and allowed t o overgraze range p a s t u r e s wi thout i n t r o d u c t i o n of any Old World i n s e c t s t h a t a r e s p e c i a l i z e d i n t h e removal of t h e i r dung. Addit ion of e f f i c i e n t c a t t l e dung b e e t l e s should f u r n i s h a u s e f u l e c o l o g i c a l component t h a t has h i t h e r t o been absen t from t h i s p a s t o r a l system." @default.
- W64522312 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W64522312 creator A5035915332 @default.
- W64522312 date "1973-01-01" @default.
- W64522312 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W64522312 title "Horn fly breeding, nitrogen loss and nutrient immobilization associated with cattle dung in the southern interior of British Columbia. --" @default.
- W64522312 cites W146028070 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1552965427 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1554300312 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1561299178 @default.
- W64522312 cites W157923099 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1587573965 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1593114704 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1837727959 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1933894731 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1966319179 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1972007945 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1977516785 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1978254330 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1985901021 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1987160663 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1992897439 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1993596923 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1997082878 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2002249395 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2003259419 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2005659134 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2014983927 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2021142183 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2022573539 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2030522237 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2030756973 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2031653166 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2041362953 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2045140470 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2052884094 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2053381773 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2064255979 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2067154890 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2069521976 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2071028902 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2074868925 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2078952223 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2079673052 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2083651166 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2097658904 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2102529403 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2102794294 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2119349175 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2122249588 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2124057796 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2142586525 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2145228763 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2147658824 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2172990442 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2193493611 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2195533734 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2282326102 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2313282693 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2313579839 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2314174129 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2318383673 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2318453380 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2320875269 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2321159040 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2321243949 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2321345435 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2323158979 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2325372842 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2327741961 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2327827436 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2329522391 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2331796100 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2331825184 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2333474839 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2334597001 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2335532554 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2335616268 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2336081369 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2345798330 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2415483838 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2468560979 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2493699807 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2513969431 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2515209407 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2573057353 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2581908135 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2594206155 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2625668342 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2886048190 @default.
- W64522312 cites W3185381037 @default.
- W64522312 cites W3208784603 @default.
- W64522312 cites W572071911 @default.
- W64522312 cites W621363844 @default.
- W64522312 cites W90986503 @default.
- W64522312 cites W93996144 @default.
- W64522312 cites W1575622276 @default.
- W64522312 cites W2249507776 @default.
- W64522312 cites W274807065 @default.
- W64522312 cites W3144834925 @default.