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• W647808166 abstract "Theoretical Section.- 1 General Principles.- 1.1 Principles of Biocatalysis.- 1.2 Structure of Enzymes.- 1.3 Classification and Nomenclature of Enzymes.- 1.4 Definition and Classification of Immobilized Biocatalysts.- 1.5 Reasons for Immobilization.- 1.6 The History of Immobilization.- 1.7 Economic Importance.- 2 Methods of Immobilization.- 2.1 Adsorption.- 2.2 Ionic Binding.- 2.3 Covalent Binding.- 2.4 Cross-linking.- 2.5 Matrix Entrapment.- 2.6 Membrane Confinement.- 2.7 Combined Methods.- 2.8 Immobilization of Coenzymes.- 3 Characteristics of Immobilized Biocatalysts.- 3.1 Activity as a Function of Temperature.- 3.2 Stability as a Function of Temperature.- 3.3 Temperature Optimum in Long-term Processes.- 3.4 The Influence of pH Value.- 3.5 The Influence of Substrate Concentration.- 3.6 The Influence of Diffusion.- 3.7 Other Physical Properties.- 4 Reactors for Immobilized Biocatalysts.- 4.1 Stirred Reactors.- 4.2 Loop Reactors.- 4.3 Bed Reactors.- 4.4 Membrane Reactors.- 4.5 Special Forms of Reactors.- 5 Industrial Applications.- 5.1 Classical Fields of Application.- 5.2 Production of L-Amino Acids Using L-Aminoacylase.- 5.3 L-Amino Acid Production in Membrane Reactors.- 5.4 The Production of Fructose-containing Syrups.- 5.5 Derivatives of Penicillins.- 5.6 Production of Aspartic Acid.- 5.7 Application of ss-Galactosidase.- 5.8 Further Possible Industrial Uses.- 6 Application in Analytical Procedures.- 6.1 Affinity Chromatography.- 6.2 Automatic Analyzers.- 6.3 Biochemical Electrodes.- 6.4 Enzyme Thermistors.- 6.5 Immuno Methods.- 7 Uses in Medicine.- 7.1 Intracorporeal Enzyme Therapy.- 7.2 Extracorporeal Enzyme Therapy.- 7.3 Artificial Organs.- 8 Uses in Basic Research.- 8.1 Structural Studies.- 8.2 Properties of Enzyme Subunits.- 8.3 Degeneration and Regeneration.- 8.4 Simulation of Natural Systems.- 9 Special Developments and Trends.- 9.1 Immobilized Plant Cells.- 9.2 Immobilized Mammalian Cells.- 9.3 Immobilized Organelles.- 9.4 Co-immobilization of Enzymes and Cells.- 9.5 Other Co-immobilized Systems.- 9.6 Combination of Immobilization with Other Techniques.- Practical Section.- Exercise 1 Adsorptive Coupling of Invertase to Active Charcoal.- E 1.1 Introduction.- E 1.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 1.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 2 Ionic Binding of Catalase to CM-Cellulose.- E 2.1 Introduction.- E 2.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 2.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 3 Covalent Binding of Glucoamylase to a Carrier Bearing Oxirane Groups.- E 3.1 Introduction.- E 3.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 3.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 4 Immobilization of ss-Galactosidase by Cross-linking.- E 4.1 Introduction.- E 4.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 4.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 5 Alginate Entrapment of Yeast Cells and Their Co-entrapment with Immobilized ss-Galactosidase.- E 5.1 Introduction.- E 5.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 5.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 6 Construction and Use of a Biochemical Electrode for Essaying Glucose.- E 6.1 Introduction.- E 6.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 6.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 7 Spinning of ss-Galactosidase into Cellulose Acetate Fibers.- E 7.1 Introduction.- E 7.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 7.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 8 Immobilization of L-Asparaginase in Nylon Microcapsules.- E 8.1 Introduction.- E 8.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 8.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 9 Degradation of Cellulose in a Membrane Reactor.- E 9.1 Introduction.- E 9.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 9.3 Results and Evaluation.- Exercise 10 Conversion of Fumaric Acid to Malic Acid in a Liquid-membrane Emulsion.- E 10.1 Introduction.- E 10.2 Experimental Procedure.- E 10.3 Results and Evaluation.- Abbreviations and Symbols.- Literature." @default.
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• W647808166 date "1988-02-29" @default.
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• W647808166 title "Immobilized Biocatalysts: An Introduction" @default.
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