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• W65002465 abstract "The thesis reports on investigations during 1967-69of endoparasitism in Simulium ornatum Mg., with particularreference to the larval stage, from the English riversLea (hertfordshire) and Tilling Bourne (Surrey). Methodsincluded record of visual evidence of infections, dissectionsand smears of fresh material, and histological examinationsof all material by light, and, by arrangement with Dr R. G.Bird of the E. M. Laboratory, L. S. H. & T. M., by electronmicroscopy, in the case of certain microsporidia. Inpreliminary observations no parasites were observed ineither pupal and adult stages of Simulium ornatum; thestudy is concerned with larval parasites, of which severalkinds were found. The Order Microsporidia of the protozoanClass Cnidosporidia was well represented by 3 genera,Thelohania, Plistophora and Nosema of the Family Nosematidae.Pseudocysts from two forms of Thelohania, andone form of Plistophora, examined by electron microscopy,revealed the fine structure of sporogonic stages of thesporont and, of the spore of Thelohania and, less intensively,of Plistophora.Microsporidian spore size has been accepted byseveral investigators, with some controversy from others,as a major criterion for specific classification. Inthis connexion, spore measurements carried out forThelohania infections, from S. ornatum were, by statisticaland graphical analysis, recognisable as composing fourseparate forms (A-D), with a minor form also, form E on thebasis of spore shape. All Thelohania infections of larvaefrom the River Tilling Bourne are of form A, having thesmallest spore dimensions. The other four forms, B,C, D and E, occurred in Simulium larval populationsof the River Lea. In the case of Plistophora anothercriterion in classification, in addition to spore dimensions,was notable, viz. the number of spores produced by thesporont. Two forms of Plistophora were thus distinguished.Nosema infections were of one kind only. All these forms,found in the simulium ornatum larvae, are new records formicrosporidia in the British Isles and, on taxonomicalfeatures different from those of other microsporidianparasites described from simuliidae from elsewhere.Histological examination also revealed a lightinfection of a microsporidia-like organism in the Gutepithelial cells of Simulium ornatum larvae from the TillingBourne only.Fungal infections were also common. The pathogenicfungi, Coelomycidium sp. of the Order Chytridiales, occurred [missing page]larvae revealed 3 distinct larvae generations of Simuliumornatum per year, and the occurrence and abundance of theseveral parasites was noted in respect to these differentlarval populations.Laboratory culture of clean material was desirablefor the transmission experiments undertaken for Thelohania,and for Coelomycidium. To obtain such a culture, it wasnecessary to affect both copulation of Simulium ornatumadults and to induce females to blood-feed. Repeatedattempts at artificial insemination proved unsuccessful;blood-feeding was successful with only a low percentageof adult females. Failing to establish a clean cultureresort was made to the use of apparently uninfected wild-caughtlarvae for experiments on the transmission ofinfections, but without success in inducing hatching ofThelohania spores or propagation of Coelomycidium ingestedby Simulium larvae. It remains still obscure whether ornot, in nature, the Thelohania infections are transmittedtransovarially through infected adults emergent from infectedlarvae; and the mode of transmission of Coelomycidium isalso not determined.While the pathogenic parasites found must havecontrolled larva densities in the two streams, much remainsto be studied and understood about their biology, transmissionand cultivation before their application in biologicalcontrol could be envisaged." @default.
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• W65002465 date "1969-01-01" @default.
• W65002465 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W65002465 title "Endoparasites of Simulium ornatum MG. in South England, with special reference to larval parasitisation" @default.
• W65002465 doi "https://doi.org/10.17037/pubs.00768493" @default.
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