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• W655073546 abstract "IN EARLY SEPTEMBER 1965 A GROUP OF DIGNITARIES FROM SPAIN and Latin America met with Florida state leaders at a luncheon in St. Augustine. purpose of this luncheon to kick off a celebration of the four hundredth anniversary of Spanish settlement in the city. Quadricentennial a ten-day fiesta whose schedule included a State of Florida Day, a Mexican Day, a performance by a Spanish dance troupe, strolling troubadours, fireworks, a Hispanic fashion show, and sword-fighting displays. Guests included delegations from Spain and Puerto Rico, as a descendant of the Spanish explorer Pedro Menendez and a typical Spanish family from Menendez's hometown of Aviles. Interpreting the event as opportunity to solidify the friendship between the United States and Spanish-speaking countries, Florida governor W. Haydon Bums toasted those nations whose historic and cultural bonds are tied together and deep-rooted, as is the case between the people of Spain and the United States, and declared that goodwill essential to the peace and prosperity of the post-World War II world. (1) the context of the Cold War, the putative kinship among nations with shared Hispanic roots the essential glue with which the United States proposed to unite potential allies against communism. As the U.S. and foreign delegates inaugurated the Quadricentennial festivities, several dozen civil rights activists walked silently back and forth on the sidewalk outside the restaurant, holding placards protesting the federal government's financial support of event celebrating 400 Years of Bigotry and Hate. Dr. Robert B. Hayling, a local civil rights leader, had alerted President Lyndon B. Johnson that demonstrations might take place. Despite the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlawed segregation in public accommodations, black citizens in St. Augustine were still harassed and beaten as they tried to enter consumer establishments. Indeed, local African Americans were excluded from the planning of the Quadricentennial itself, although people of African descent had been important part of the city's history since Spanish settlement in 1565. (2) As local, national, and international leaders hailed St. Augustine as the site of inter-American communion, where was first implanted the civilization that binds Americans as brothers, African American college students trying to swim at a local beach were threatened by white people wielding iron bars and wooden sticks. July 1965 a beach ball wrapped in a kerosene-soaked burlap bag set on fire under the house of the local secretary of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). (3) At a time when the United States hoped to win over the hearts and minds of the postwar world, the continued brutality in St. Augustine a national shame. As one concerned northerner wrote, The city of St. Augustine countenances a particularly flagrant type of racial discrimination, and discrimination an embarrassment to the foreign policy of the United States. (4) In view of all the atrocities and inhumane acts the negro population of St. Augustine, Florida ... has been subject to by the same people that the United States government will be celebrating, Hayling wrote to President Johnson in a telegram, such a celebration ... is actually making a mockery of our democratic country in light of the 1964 Civil Rights Bill and the goals and aims of the Great Society. With his plea for a federal boycott of the event, Hayling implied that the Quadricentennial endorsement of Euro-American domination. (5) planning St. Augustine's four hundredth anniversary of Spanish settlement, city and state leaders constructed a mythic Spanish past that endorsed pluralism and Pan-American brotherhood while erasing the city's slave past and Jim Crow present. the wake of the Cuban Revolution, Quadricentennial promoters saw the celebration as opportunity to court favor with Latin American nations that were threatened by communist upheaval and, in turn, to discredit local civil rights protests as evidence of communist infiltration at home. …" @default.
• W655073546 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W655073546 date "2015-02-01" @default.
• W655073546 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W655073546 title "Cold War Conquistadors: The St. Augustine Quadricentennial, Pan-Americanism, and the Civil Rights Movement in the Ancient City" @default.
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