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- W655612528 abstract "The Obama Administration’s policies on climate change are a reversal of those during the Bush and Clinton years, and they could mean higher fuel prices for airlines, as they absorb likely carbon taxes imposed downstream of them in the fuel supply chain. However, the legislation that has been proposed is not clear on how free fuel suppliers will be to pass along their costs. Estimates from the Air Transport Association range from $5 billion in added fuel costs for airlines in 2012 to as much as $10 billion extra in 2020. This assumes that airlines will have no free carbon allowances and that the costs per ton will be $25 in 2012 and $40 by 2020. Airlines, however, only contribute about three percent of U.S. greenhouse gases, according to an industry study. In Europe, the cap-and-trade program known as the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) will place aviation emissions in the EU under a cap of 97 percent of average 2005-2006 levels, with the cap tightening to 95 percent of average 2004-2006 levels from 2013 onward. Airlines do not enter the ETS until 2012, but they are required to monitor ton-kilometer and carbon dioxide emissions in 2010 in order to apply for future free allowances. In the U.S., in addition to cap-and-trade, there are proposals to regulate greenhouse gas emissions for airplane engines. Even without new rules for engines, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is now empowered to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant." @default.
- W655612528 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W655612528 date "2009-05-01" @default.
- W655612528 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W655612528 title "Climate Change: The Obama Administration Launches a New Era in Environmental Regulation" @default.
- W655612528 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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