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- W65779657 abstract "Medical ethnobotany is that relationship between individuals and small social groups and their use of local indigenous flora for medicinal purposes. This specialty comprises an important and enduring aspect of ethnobotany more generally. Medical ethnobotanical practices may persist long after the local use of flora as sources of traditional food, weaponry, totemic identity and religious rites have disappeared. Medical ethnobotany is a living science practised by tens of thousands of Aboriginal Australians today. Some selected botanical cures were early adopted by European settlers and a number of such relict uses have become part of mainstream Western life today, particularly as this applies to self-medication. Drugs and medicaments are obtained from leaves, bark, roots and flowers, usually as fresh preparations. They are prepared as infusions, decoctions and macerations and may be enjoined with emollients such as emu or kangaroo fat for topical application. Botanical drugs and medicaments are usually prepared fresh for each administration and are rarely stored, Contemporary Australian ethnobotany exploits the medicinal properties of more than 100 genera - using such extracts as antiseptics, analgesics, astringents, antipyretics, sedatives, hypnotics, expectorants, carminitives, and mood-altering drugs. Their widespread use, by the world's oldest surviving cultures, reflect perhaps 50 millennia of acute observation and clinical interpretation, trial and error, serendipity and experimentation. Australian medical ethnobotany is characterised by several features including (a) the multipurpose or broad-spectrum use of many floral species; (b) a paradigm of the use of botanical material to treat symptoms and symptom complexes rather than disease-based treatment; (c) the widespread and universal medical knowledge of botanical remedies by all members of the local Aboriginal communities, not only traditional Community or tribal healers; and (d) the use of botanical material in the context of preventive medicine. The recreational and endurance-enhancing use of mood-altering alkaloids, such as those contained in Nicotania sp. (wild tobacco, pituri) and Duboisia myoporoides (pituri) are widely used. Seventy percent of the world's population still relies on traditional herbal remedies. In this context, the detailed and expensive ethnobotanical pharmacopoeia of the Aboriginal peoples of Australia holds an important place." @default.
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- W65779657 date "2004-09-01" @default.
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- W65779657 title "Medical ethnobotany of Australia: past and present" @default.
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