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- W67130268 abstract "Postcolonial Africa has been characterized by the authoritarian exclusion of large segments of society from participation in the political process. According to Nelson Kasfir de-participation is the most striking feature of political change since independence.' The political arena shrank as African states actively promoted de-participation by strengthening the central administration and assuring the desuetude of participatory structures. The process of democratization that accompanied independence was therefore halted and reversed. At the structural level, the development of authoritarianism was rooted in a process that Peter Anyang-Nyong'o characterized as the disintegration of the national coalitions that brought African countries to independence.2 Sociologically, this process involved the incorporation of kith and kin into ruling oligarchies and the exclusion of other groups from enjoying the prerogatives of power. This generated problems of ethnicity, clanism, regionalism, religious bigotry, etc. Elaborate programs of successive political exclusion were implemented and the vast majority of Africans lost their individual and collective rights to full participation in the political, civil, and economic lives of their countries.3 African political systems became increasingly characterized by the narrowing of the social and national base of the President's men, and an expansion of the groups and segments of society that are excluded from the political process and significantly marginalized. The most affected groups have been women, the youth, ethnic and religious minorities (which could include marginalised ethnic and religious numerical majorities), and lumpen elements, products of ever deepening economic and ecological crises. It was in this context that the wave of democratization started sweeping across Africa in the late 1980s as a corrective political tendency of the African people, determined to integrate or re-integrate themselves" @default.
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- W67130268 date "1994-01-01" @default.
- W67130268 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W67130268 title "Political Exclusion, Democratisation and Dynamics of Ethnicity in Niger" @default.
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