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• W67565082 abstract "In aviation, Crew Resource Management (CRM) was developed to address safety issues derived from accident and incident investigations. As CRM has proven its effectiveness by improving teamwork, communication and staff responses to operational hazards, there have been many attempts to expand this concept into other high-risk sectors such as medical, nuclear, or military. Although some work was also conducted to modify CRM for the railway industry, no such experiences yet existed in China or Hong Kong. Having observed the effectiveness of CRM and Line Oriented Training (LOT) in aviation, this paper documents the introduction and initial evaluation of CRM and LOT in Hong Kong in the West Rail (WR) division of the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC). Results of an initial evaluation study with 120 operative crewmembers provide empirical support for the chosen approach. Recent world headline disasters such as the September 11 attacks, 2005 London transport bombings, and 2003 Daegu subway arson attacks sent explicit warnings to all nations that mass-transit systems can and do become luscious targets of terrorist attacks with catastrophic consequences. Whilst it may be impossible to ever eliminate all forms of threats, one thing remains clear— the effectiveness of crew response to emergency situations can have a huge influence on its outcome. Since railway and aviation industries share many similar characteristics and vulnerabilities, transferring training strategies for flight crews into the railway industry may be advantageous in developing better training and safety programs for train drivers and traffic controllers. A CRM oriented program for operative train crews could improve performance in managing threats and errors, reducing the consequences of eventual emergencies in the railway sector (Morgan, Olson, Kyte, Roop, 2007; Dedale, 2006). Human Factors Issues Encountered in the Railway Industry Railway technology has gone a long way to identify which trains are on the track and controlling their progress and whereabouts by keeping safe but efficient train to train separations, and managing communications between trains and the operations control centre (Wilson, Norris, Clarke & Mills, 2005). However, train operations communications studies showed that the design, implementation and operation of train operations communication systems generate a host of new human factors problems. Although the implementation of automatic train protection (ATP) was able to significantly reduce the number of fatal accidents due to signal passed at danger (SPAD), driver experience erosion due to control automation was detrimental to safety (Wright, Turner, Antonelli & Bendig, 2004). The reliance on control automation during normal operations may mean that when manual control is demanded the crews and drivers task performance have decreased efficiency. After a long period of smooth normal train operations with increased levels of automation, traffic controllers or train drivers could become less efficient in manual control under degraded train operations due to lack of exposure. This was demonstrated by brief survey of railway stakeholders in the UK (Wilson & Norris, 2005), in which 80% of the experts agreed that experience erosion is a potential safety issue." @default.
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• W67565082 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W67565082 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W67565082 title "Adaptation of CRM training for the railway industry: Operational safety benefits" @default.
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