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- W676966 abstract "This review will cover a variety of transport phenomena observable in semiconductors, namely, those which are associated with departure of the low-frequency part of the phonon system from its normal isotropic equilibrium distribution. It has long been known that an electronic current flowing in a conductor can perturb the phonon distribution, and conversely that scattering of phonons by electrons greatly reduces the phonon contribution to thermal conduction in a metal (Sommerfeld and Bethe 1933, Peierls 1955). The related effect of non-equilibrium of phonons on the thermoelectric power of a metal was analyzed by Gurevich (1945, 1946), and independently by Klemens (1954); these authors also pointed out the possible importance of this effect for semiconductors. The work of Gurevich did not at first attract much attention, perhaps because simple (but unsound) quantitative considerations (Pikus, 1951, discussed in the next paragraph) suggested that the Gurevich term in the thermoelectric power of a semiconductor would usually be very small. The effect was rediscovered as a result of experiments made almost simultaneously by Frederikse (1953a) and Geballe (1953). They found that the thermoelectric power of germanium rises at low temperatures to many times the value predicted by previous theories. An analogous rise has since been noted for a number of other semiconductors, sometimes even more spectacular, as in the case of p silicon where thermoelectric powers up to 60 mv/deg. have been measured (Geballe and Hull 1955a). The interpretation, given independently by Frederikse (1953a, b), and Herring (1953, 1954b), accords with the expectation of Gurevich: the additional thermoelectric power is caused by a drag exerted on the charge carriers by the phonons which travel preferentially from hot to cold in a thermal gradient. This drag augments the better-known tendency of the carriers to diffuse from hot to cold, a tendency which is expressed by the thermoelectric formulas of the familiar electron theory of conduction." @default.
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- W676966 date "1958-01-01" @default.
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- W676966 title "The Role of Low-Frequency Phonons in Thermoelectricity and Thermal Conduction" @default.
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