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- W68661537 abstract "This chapter focuses on proton-linked transport in chromaffin granules. The function of the chromaffin granule is to store catecholamine in high concentration and, upon stimulation of the chromaffin cell, to deliver the catecholamine into the extracellular space by exocytosis. Chromaffin granules isolated from the adrenal medulla are a mixture of two populations, one containing epinephrine and the other containing norepinephrine. The chromaffin-granule adenosine triphosphatase hydrolyzes ATP on the external face of the membrane and translocates protons into the granule. The proton-linked transport system provides a good mechanism for achieving high concentration gradients without wasting energy in pumping catecholamines back and forth across the membrane. Because the catecholamine gradients are essentially in equilibrium with the pH gradient and membrane potential, catecholamines may exchange across the membrane with no energy consumption. Although norepinephrine will tend to stay in the granules, a continuous flux of norepinephrine into the cytoplasm will occur as long as norepinephrine in the cytoplasm is efficiently converted to epinephrine. Studies of catecholamine metabolism in chromaffin granules have benefited immeasurably from techniques and concepts of bioenergetics" @default.
- W68661537 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W68661537 creator A5050963579 @default.
- W68661537 creator A5084618044 @default.
- W68661537 creator A5090154951 @default.
- W68661537 date "1981-01-01" @default.
- W68661537 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W68661537 title "Proton-Linked Transport in Chromaffin Granules1 1Abbreviations: Δψ, transmembrane potential; ΔpH+, transmembrane pH gradient; ΔμH+ proton motive force, = Δψ - [2.3RT/F]ΔpH; ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase; DCCD, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; DNP, 2,4-dinitrophenol; FCCP, carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone; L-DOPA, L-dihydroxyphenylalanine; Nbf-Cl, 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; S-13, 5-chloro-3-tert-butyl-2′-chloro-4-nitrosalicylanilide." @default.
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