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- W69143373 abstract "Zinc is one of the most important functional metals in the human body with over 300 zinc-containing enzymes reported thus far. These enzymes play critical roles in structural stabilization and as cofactors in catalysis, whereas a large number of proteins involved in transcription factors contain zinc fingers and similar structural motifs. Approximately 10% of the human genome encodes for proteins that can bind zinc. Because of its importance for numerous cellular processes, the concentration of zinc ion in the human body is tightly regulated and significant disturbances of zinc homeostasis have been associated with diverse ill effects including reproductive abnormalities, growth retardation, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, skin lesions and anemia, diarrhea, anorexia, cognitive impairment, immune dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, impaired visual function, osteoporosis, cirrhosis of the liver, bowel disease, and even tumors. In addition, many more people suffer from mild to moderate zinc deficiency, which can best be detected through a positive response to zinc therapy or supplementation trials. In this regard, zinc has been used successfully in the treatment of acrodermatitis enteropathica and Wilson disease and positive responses to zinc supplementation have been reported (not in all studies by any means) in common colds, acute diarrhea in children, chronic hepatitis C, shigellosis, leprosy, leishmaniasis, AIDS/HIV, tuberculosis, acute lower respiratory infections, malaria, arthritis, and acne, and has also been associated with a decrease in incidence of infection in elderly and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Zinc deficiency has now emerged as a major global public health problem that significantly impacts the developing countries. It is estimated that approximately half of the world's population has suboptimal zinc nutrition and that global zinc deficiency is the 11th highest risk factor for disease mortality and morbidity. In the developing countries, zinc deficiency ranks as the fifth highest risk factor for disease with up to 75% of the population of some countries experiencing suboptimal zinc intake. A major stumbling block in tackling this silent global epidemic is that there is currently no reliable method to quantify an individual's zinc status that can be moderated by a host of environmental, genetic, and metabolic factors. Until such a measure becomes available, it is impossible to ascertain causal relationships between zinc deficiency and concurrent diseases or to develop protocols to maximize the health benefits of zinc supplementation." @default.
- W69143373 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W69143373 date "2011-01-01" @default.
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- W69143373 title "Zinc Deficiency in Human Health" @default.
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- W69143373 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-52272-6.00674-7" @default.
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