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• W70881206 abstract "Introduction We are currently witnessing how a set of disturbing discourses is formed that concern the origin of, and the cure for, crime and deviance. This constellation is part of a conservative worldview, that, while thoroughly contemporary, harkens back to an idealized past when social order reigned and everyone knew their place. On a more ominous note, it harkens back as well to another constellation of concepts that many had assumed were buried along with their victims, i.e., a call for a return to a homogeneous Gemeinschaft, expulsion from society of an Other that embodies all social pathology, and biologistic or hereditary explanations of human behavior contingently labeled deviant. This worldview and its legitimating discourses deserve serious consideration, having become increasingly acceptable within the hallowed halls of academia and taken a firm grip on the public imagination, with very real public policy repercussions. We suspect that recent punitive amendments to our welfare policy (i.e., workfare, time limitations on AFDC), the rapid swelling of the prison system, and the war against the poor, homeless, youth, and minorities, which operates under the guise of a political quality of life agenda (Kelling, 1996), are all legitimated by the set of discourses that intend to examine. More specifically, will look at how prevailing conservative explanations of social pathologies are constructed. We will examine in particular the two core theoretical constructs that underlie this worldview. First, will examine the reconstruction of a sociological culture of tradition that locates the source of deviant behavior within a particular set of values and habits that characterize the underclass. Theories of poverty centering on a notion of underclass have often been constructed by liberal sociologists to underscore the structural rather than the individual nature of poverty. We will examine the way in which conservative theorists have distorted these underclass arguments to describe a supposedly criminogenic culture, which, through its self-generated pathological behavior produces and reproduces socially threatening This notion of underclass thus becomes the demonized Other, which if expunged or contained will eliminate the social ills from which we suffer. Second, will examine the most recent manifestations of the reemergence of sociobiological investigation, which attempts to locate deviant behavior within particular physiological or genetic abnormalities. New neurobiological findings and treatment opportunities of such personal problems as depression, anxiety, and drag dependency stimulate the current popular and academic focus on the biological roots of inadequate social adjustment. As successful as this approach may be in addressing some aspects of these ailments, it centers on individual predisposition and We will show how this focus neglects social interactions and argue that the limitations of this explanatory model are specifically dangerous when it is applied to antisocial acts and criminal behavior. We will examine this new discourse formation, which centers on a racially coded notion of the underclass, through the critical lenses of the natural and social sciences. We will examine the reemergence of sociobiological theories as explanations for social order as presented in Crime and Human Nature and The Bell Curve. Then will look at the contemporary manifestation of the cultural explanation for crime and poverty as manifested in recent documents such as DiIulio, Bennett, and Walter's recently published Body Count. We will show how this discourse constructs a concept of the underclass around a notion of violent, impulsive desires that are reified as a biogenetic trait that differentiates between them and us. To illustrate how this reification plays upon and is supported by current neurobiological research, will critically examine new findings on the relationship between impulsive aggression and heritable serotonin deficiencies, which currently constitute the most widely quoted neurobiological theory of violent …" @default.
• W70881206 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W70881206 date "1998-06-22" @default.
• W70881206 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
• W70881206 title "Meddling with Monkey Metaphors - Capitalism and the Threat of Impulsive Desires" @default.
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