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- W71140853 abstract "The present paper attempts to read Gissing's New Grub Street as the product of a crisis in the British literary system towards the end of the nineteenth century. This crisis is traced in both the storyline and the formal choices made by Gissing in order to convey it. In terms of the events in the narrative, the vital options and frequent failures of the characters are presented as inevitable given the circumstances. As regards formal aspects, the adoption of naturalism determines this inevitability, since it relies on reified worldviews which cannot offer a truly dynamic portrayal of society. 1. NATURALISM, FATE, AND THE SUPERSTRUCTURE Gissing's 1891 novel New Grub Street deals with the literary careers of a set of characters. In keeping with the procedures of naturalism they are described in terms of their adopted mode of production. Naturalism relies for its portraits of society upon a 'map' which is in itself a naturalised (indirect) reflection of the division of labour. In doing so, it turns its back on the sum total of forces which shape society (its ideology, contradictions, and struggles), therefore jeopardising its possibility of achieving proper understanding of a given historical moment. Because of this ideological tendency, an author who may be a radical (e.g. Zola) produces works which are ultimately reactionary. Naturalism employs an anti-capitalist, antibourgeois rhetoric, but its syntax relies on capitalist, bourgeois ideology. This point has been analysed in depth by Georg Lukacs, who in The Historical Novel (see particularly 171-250) argues that naturalism is caught in immediacy. The establishment of the bourgeoisie as the new hegemonic class implied the decay of the tradition of the realist novel. A new worldview set in, one of whose main characteristics was precisely mistrust of history as a process in which all classes participate. History becomes private. Consequently, the delicate balance which classic realism negotiated between individual characters and historical forces is lost. Where history becomes an abstract entity with no direct connection to characters, their experience must necessarily become impenetrable. As the" @default.
- W71140853 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W71140853 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W71140853 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W71140853 title "NATURALISM AND MODES OF LITERARY PRODUCTION IN GEORGE GISSING'S NEW GRUB STREET" @default.
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